drivers: can: common: respect the range limits of phase_seg1

Respect the range limits of phase_seg1 when attempting to distribute ts1
between prop_seg and phase_seg1.

Even distribution may not be possible if the allowed ranges of prop_seg and
phase_seg1 are not equal.

Fixes: #55919

Signed-off-by: Henrik Brix Andersen <hebad@vestas.com>
(cherry picked from commit ffefc644)