i2c: fix issue of stm32-i2c-v2 (F0/F3/F7) driver hanging in endless loop

Fixes #4429
Driver didn't work properly when a transfer consisted of multiple
messages.
Fix doesn't use auto end mode anymore. msg_done function waits for
transfer to complete and issues stop condition if necessary.

Tested with stm32f3_disco board and samples/drivers/i2c_fujitsu_fram
example adapted to use I2C_1 as I2C_DEV

Signed-off-by: Daniel Wagenknecht <wagenknecht@clage.de>