i2c_mcux_flexcomm: add transaction timeout option

With the device_sync_sem semaphore, there is the possibility of
the code not returning to give it back
(mcux_flexcomm_master_transfer_callback is never called),
causing it to get stuck in k_sem_take(&data->device_sync_sem, K_FOREVER)
in subsequent calls.

The i2c driver recovers by other means
(enabling FSL_FEATURE_I2C_TIMEOUT_RECOVERY)
but the callback might not return.

Adding a timeout option allows for this occurrence to be avoided.

Signed-off-by: Guilherme Casa Nova <guilherme.casa_nova@dell.com>