scripts/coccinelle: updates and improvements for integer timeout values

Add support for the report and patch modes so this can be invoked by
coccicheck.

Use PCRE options to make the kernel timeout API identifier rule more
readable.  Extend the pattern to new API.

Use rule extends and depends clauses, and pattern disjunction, to
avoid replicating metavariable content.

Hint that using --include-headers may be helpful (some patterns can be
found in static inline functions).

Signed-off-by: Peter Bigot <peter.bigot@nordicsemi.no>