doc: posix: option_groups: additional options and option groups

Define additional options and option groups for PSE51 to PSE53.

The options groups added in this commit are:

POSIX_SIGNAL_JUMP
POSIX_FILE_SYSTEM
POSIX_PIPE
POSIX_FILE_LOCKING

The options added in this commit are:

_POSIX_MEMLOCK
_POSIX_MEMLOCK_RANGE
_POSIX_MONOTONIC_CLOCK
_POSIX_SHARED_MEMORY_OBJECTS
_POSIX_THREAD_CPUTIME

Signed-off-by: Chris Friedt <cfriedt@tenstorrent.com>