posix: cond + mutex: log messages generate warnings for 32-bit timeouts

Previously, log messages would generate warnings (escalated to errors
in CI) when CONFIG_TIMEOUT_64BIT=n.

For example,

```
west build -p auto -b qemu_cortex_m0 -t run tests/posix/timers/ \
  -- -DCONFIG_TIMEOUT_64BIT=n
..
warning: format '%llx' expects argument of type \
  'long long unsigned int', but argument 3 has type 'k_ticks_t' \
  {aka 'unsigned int'}
```

Use portable print specifiers and cast the argument to int64_t.

Signed-off-by: Chris Friedt <cfriedt@tenstorrent.com>