drivers: disk: USDHC: Update USDHC driver to pass disk test

USDHC driver did not pass disk test (failed during multiple writes). Add
logic to wait for the SD card to be idle before reading new data, so
that the test will pass. Also, add logic to reject OOB reads and writes
to the disk.

Fixes #39942

Signed-off-by: Daniel DeGrasse <daniel.degrasse@nxp.com>