drivers: improve the arcv2_timer driver to update cycles correctly

referring the ARM's Systick driver, we did the following improvements:

* use 31 bits of 32-bit counter to avoid the rare but possible
  overflow of elapsed(). If 32 bits val are used, elpased() may
  return a wrong value. then wrong HW cycles.
* two ways to update the correct cycles
  - through systick timer irq
  - when systick timer irq cann't be handled because of irq
    locked/disabled, call z_timer_cycle_get_32->elapsed to update
    the correct cylces. no more than one counter-wrap is allowed.
* if elapsed() is not called too long (more than one counter-wrap) from
  systick tiemr irq or from z_timer_cycle_get_32. The lost of HW cycles
  is unavoidable.

* some detailed discussion can be found in #24332

Signed-off-by: Wayne Ren <wei.ren@synopsys.com>