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## 讲座简介
Present-day Mars is a cold and arid planet, yet extensive evidence indicates that it was not always so. Determining when Mars lost its aqueous activity is one of the fundamental scientific questions for understanding the planet's long-term climatic evolution and geological history.
The Zhurong rover successfully landed in the southern part of the Utopia Planitia basin and, for the first time on the Martian surface, deployed a high-frequency quad-polarization ground-penetrating radar system. Through systematic data processing, imaging, and inversion, our research team has obtained quad-polarization images of the shallow Martian subsurface with vertical resolution up to 5 cm, along with quantitative estimates of rock physical properties.
These results not only reveal the fine-scale structure of the Martian near-subsurface but also provide an important new perspective on the planet's climatic evolution: significant aqueous activity may have persisted in the shallow subsurface during the late Amazonian, approximately 750 million years ago. This discovery extends the upper time limit for the presence of water on Mars by billions of years and provides new key evidence for reassessing the planet's late-stage climatic evolution, geological processes, and potential habitability.
