Merge tag 'random_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/random (dd5001e2) · Commits · 戴 / test

drivers/char/random.c

+136 −63

Original line number	Diff line number	Diff line
		@@ -101,15 +101,13 @@
		* Exported interfaces ---- output
		* ===============================
		*
		* There are three exported interfaces; the first is one designed to
		* be used from within the kernel:
		* There are four exported interfaces; two for use within the kernel,
		* and two or use from userspace.
		*
		* void get_random_bytes(void *buf, int nbytes);
		*
		* This interface will return the requested number of random bytes,
		* and place it in the requested buffer.
		* Exported interfaces ---- userspace output
		* -----------------------------------------
		*
		* The two other interfaces are two character devices /dev/random and
		* The userspace interfaces are two character devices /dev/random and
		* /dev/urandom. /dev/random is suitable for use when very high
		* quality randomness is desired (for example, for key generation or
		* one-time pads), as it will only return a maximum of the number of
		@@ -122,6 +120,77 @@
		* this will result in random numbers that are merely cryptographically
		* strong. For many applications, however, this is acceptable.
		*
		* Exported interfaces ---- kernel output
		* --------------------------------------
		*
		* The primary kernel interface is
		*
		* void get_random_bytes(void *buf, int nbytes);
		*
		* This interface will return the requested number of random bytes,
		* and place it in the requested buffer. This is equivalent to a
		* read from /dev/urandom.
		*
		* For less critical applications, there are the functions:
		*
		* u32 get_random_u32()
		* u64 get_random_u64()
		* unsigned int get_random_int()
		* unsigned long get_random_long()
		*
		* These are produced by a cryptographic RNG seeded from get_random_bytes,
		* and so do not deplete the entropy pool as much. These are recommended
		* for most in-kernel operations *if the result is going to be stored in
		* the kernel*.
		*
		* Specifically, the get_random_int() family do not attempt to do
		* "anti-backtracking". If you capture the state of the kernel (e.g.
		* by snapshotting the VM), you can figure out previous get_random_int()
		* return values. But if the value is stored in the kernel anyway,
		* this is not a problem.
		*
		* It is safe to expose get_random_int() output to attackers (e.g. as
		* network cookies); given outputs 1..n, it's not feasible to predict
		* outputs 0 or n+1. The only concern is an attacker who breaks into
		* the kernel later; the get_random_int() engine is not reseeded as
		* often as the get_random_bytes() one.
		*
		* get_random_bytes() is needed for keys that need to stay secret after
		* they are erased from the kernel. For example, any key that will
		* be wrapped and stored encrypted. And session encryption keys: we'd
		* like to know that after the session is closed and the keys erased,
		* the plaintext is unrecoverable to someone who recorded the ciphertext.
		*
		* But for network ports/cookies, stack canaries, PRNG seeds, address
		* space layout randomization, session authentication keys, or other
		* applications where the sensitive data is stored in the kernel in
		* plaintext for as long as it's sensitive, the get_random_int() family
		* is just fine.
		*
		* Consider ASLR. We want to keep the address space secret from an
		* outside attacker while the process is running, but once the address
		* space is torn down, it's of no use to an attacker any more. And it's
		* stored in kernel data structures as long as it's alive, so worrying
		* about an attacker's ability to extrapolate it from the get_random_int()
		* CRNG is silly.
		*
		* Even some cryptographic keys are safe to generate with get_random_int().
		* In particular, keys for SipHash are generally fine. Here, knowledge
		* of the key authorizes you to do something to a kernel object (inject
		* packets to a network connection, or flood a hash table), and the
		* key is stored with the object being protected. Once it goes away,
		* we no longer care if anyone knows the key.
		*
		* prandom_u32()
		* -------------
		*
		* For even weaker applications, see the pseudorandom generator
		* prandom_u32(), prandom_max(), and prandom_bytes(). If the random
		* numbers aren't security-critical at all, these are far cheaper.
		* Useful for self-tests, random error simulation, randomized backoffs,
		* and any other application where you trust that nobody is trying to
		* maliciously mess with you by guessing the "random" numbers.
		*
		* Exported interfaces ---- input
		* ==============================
		*
		@@ -295,7 +364,7 @@
		* To allow fractional bits to be tracked, the entropy_count field is
		* denominated in units of 1/8th bits.
		*
		* 2*(ENTROPY_SHIFT + log2(poolbits)) must <= 31, or the multiply in
		* 2*(ENTROPY_SHIFT + poolbitshift) must <= 31, or the multiply in
		* credit_entropy_bits() needs to be 64 bits wide.
		*/
		#define ENTROPY_SHIFT 3
		@@ -359,9 +428,9 @@ static int random_write_wakeup_bits = 28 * OUTPUT_POOL_WORDS;
		* polynomial which improves the resulting TGFSR polynomial to be
		* irreducible, which we have made here.
		*/
		static struct poolinfo {
		int poolbitshift, poolwords, poolbytes, poolbits, poolfracbits;
		#define S(x) ilog2(x)+5, (x), (x)4, (x)32, (x) << (ENTROPY_SHIFT+5)
		static const struct poolinfo {
		int poolbitshift, poolwords, poolbytes, poolfracbits;
		#define S(x) ilog2(x)+5, (x), (x)*4, (x) << (ENTROPY_SHIFT+5)
		int tap1, tap2, tap3, tap4, tap5;
		} poolinfo_table[] = {
		/* was: x^128 + x^103 + x^76 + x^51 +x^25 + x + 1 */
		@@ -415,7 +484,7 @@ struct crng_state {
		spinlock_t lock;
		};

		struct crng_state primary_crng = {
		static struct crng_state primary_crng = {
		.lock = __SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED(primary_crng.lock),
		};

		@@ -470,7 +539,6 @@ struct entropy_store {
		unsigned short add_ptr;
		unsigned short input_rotate;
		int entropy_count;
		int entropy_total;
		unsigned int initialized:1;
		unsigned int last_data_init:1;
		__u8 last_data[EXTRACT_SIZE];
		@@ -643,7 +711,7 @@ static void process_random_ready_list(void)
		*/
		static void credit_entropy_bits(struct entropy_store *r, int nbits)
		{
		int entropy_count, orig;
		int entropy_count, orig, has_initialized = 0;
		const int pool_size = r->poolinfo->poolfracbits;
		int nfrac = nbits << ENTROPY_SHIFT;

		@@ -698,23 +766,25 @@ retry:
		entropy_count = 0;
		} else if (entropy_count > pool_size)
		entropy_count = pool_size;
		if ((r == &blocking_pool) && !r->initialized &&
		(entropy_count >> ENTROPY_SHIFT) > 128)
		has_initialized = 1;
		if (cmpxchg(&r->entropy_count, orig, entropy_count) != orig)
		goto retry;

		r->entropy_total += nbits;
		if (!r->initialized && r->entropy_total > 128) {
		if (has_initialized)
		r->initialized = 1;
		r->entropy_total = 0;
		}

		trace_credit_entropy_bits(r->name, nbits,
		entropy_count >> ENTROPY_SHIFT,
		r->entropy_total, _RET_IP_);
		entropy_count >> ENTROPY_SHIFT, _RET_IP_);

		if (r == &input_pool) {
		int entropy_bits = entropy_count >> ENTROPY_SHIFT;
		struct entropy_store *other = &blocking_pool;

		if (crng_init < 2 && entropy_bits >= 128) {
		if (crng_init < 2) {
		if (entropy_bits < 128)
		return;
		crng_reseed(&primary_crng, r);
		entropy_bits = r->entropy_count >> ENTROPY_SHIFT;
		}
		@@ -725,20 +795,14 @@ retry:
		wake_up_interruptible(&random_read_wait);
		kill_fasync(&fasync, SIGIO, POLL_IN);
		}
		/* If the input pool is getting full, send some
		* entropy to the blocking pool until it is 75% full.
		/* If the input pool is getting full, and the blocking
		* pool has room, send some entropy to the blocking
		* pool.
		*/
		if (entropy_bits > random_write_wakeup_bits &&
		r->initialized &&
		r->entropy_total >= 2*random_read_wakeup_bits) {
		struct entropy_store *other = &blocking_pool;

		if (other->entropy_count <=
		3 * other->poolinfo->poolfracbits / 4) {
		if (!work_pending(&other->push_work) &&
		(ENTROPY_BITS(r) > 6 * r->poolinfo->poolbytes) &&
		(ENTROPY_BITS(other) <= 6 * other->poolinfo->poolbytes))
		schedule_work(&other->push_work);
		r->entropy_total = 0;
		}
		}
		}
		}

		@@ -777,6 +841,7 @@ static struct crng_state **crng_node_pool __read_mostly;
		#endif

		static void invalidate_batched_entropy(void);
		static void numa_crng_init(void);

		static bool trust_cpu __ro_after_init = IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RANDOM_TRUST_CPU);
		static int __init parse_trust_cpu(char *arg)
		@@ -805,7 +870,9 @@ static void crng_initialize(struct crng_state *crng)
		}
		crng->state[i] ^= rv;
		}
		if (trust_cpu && arch_init) {
		if (trust_cpu && arch_init && crng == &primary_crng) {
		invalidate_batched_entropy();
		numa_crng_init();
		crng_init = 2;
		pr_notice("random: crng done (trusting CPU's manufacturer)\n");
		}
		@@ -1553,6 +1620,11 @@ static ssize_t extract_entropy_user(struct entropy_store r, void __user buf,
		int large_request = (nbytes > 256);

		trace_extract_entropy_user(r->name, nbytes, ENTROPY_BITS(r), _RET_IP_);
		if (!r->initialized && r->pull) {
		xfer_secondary_pool(r, ENTROPY_BITS(r->pull)/8);
		if (!r->initialized)
		return 0;
		}
		xfer_secondary_pool(r, nbytes);
		nbytes = account(r, nbytes, 0, 0);

		@@ -1783,7 +1855,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(get_random_bytes_arch);
		* data into the pool to prepare it for use. The pool is not cleared
		* as that can only decrease the entropy in the pool.
		*/
		static void init_std_data(struct entropy_store *r)
		static void __init init_std_data(struct entropy_store *r)
		{
		int i;
		ktime_t now = ktime_get_real();
		@@ -1810,7 +1882,7 @@ static void init_std_data(struct entropy_store *r)
		* take care not to overwrite the precious per platform data
		* we were given.
		*/
		static int rand_initialize(void)
		int __init rand_initialize(void)
		{
		init_std_data(&input_pool);
		init_std_data(&blocking_pool);
		@@ -1822,7 +1894,6 @@ static int rand_initialize(void)
		}
		return 0;
		}
		early_initcall(rand_initialize);

		#ifdef CONFIG_BLOCK
		void rand_initialize_disk(struct gendisk *disk)
		@@ -2211,8 +2282,8 @@ struct batched_entropy {
		u32 entropy_u32[CHACHA_BLOCK_SIZE / sizeof(u32)];
		};
		unsigned int position;
		spinlock_t batch_lock;
		};
		static rwlock_t batched_entropy_reset_lock = __RW_LOCK_UNLOCKED(batched_entropy_reset_lock);

		/*
		* Get a random word for internal kernel use only. The quality of the random
		@@ -2222,12 +2293,14 @@ static rwlock_t batched_entropy_reset_lock = __RW_LOCK_UNLOCKED(batched_entropy_
		* wait_for_random_bytes() should be called and return 0 at least once
		* at any point prior.
		*/
		static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct batched_entropy, batched_entropy_u64);
		static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct batched_entropy, batched_entropy_u64) = {
		.batch_lock = __SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED(batched_entropy_u64.lock),
		};

		u64 get_random_u64(void)
		{
		u64 ret;
		bool use_lock;
		unsigned long flags = 0;
		unsigned long flags;
		struct batched_entropy *batch;
		static void *previous;

		@@ -2242,28 +2315,25 @@ u64 get_random_u64(void)

		warn_unseeded_randomness(&previous);

		use_lock = READ_ONCE(crng_init) < 2;
		batch = &get_cpu_var(batched_entropy_u64);
		if (use_lock)
		read_lock_irqsave(&batched_entropy_reset_lock, flags);
		batch = raw_cpu_ptr(&batched_entropy_u64);
		spin_lock_irqsave(&batch->batch_lock, flags);
		if (batch->position % ARRAY_SIZE(batch->entropy_u64) == 0) {
		extract_crng((u8 *)batch->entropy_u64);
		batch->position = 0;
		}
		ret = batch->entropy_u64[batch->position++];
		if (use_lock)
		read_unlock_irqrestore(&batched_entropy_reset_lock, flags);
		put_cpu_var(batched_entropy_u64);
		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&batch->batch_lock, flags);
		return ret;
		}
		EXPORT_SYMBOL(get_random_u64);

		static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct batched_entropy, batched_entropy_u32);
		static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct batched_entropy, batched_entropy_u32) = {
		.batch_lock = __SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED(batched_entropy_u32.lock),
		};
		u32 get_random_u32(void)
		{
		u32 ret;
		bool use_lock;
		unsigned long flags = 0;
		unsigned long flags;
		struct batched_entropy *batch;
		static void *previous;

		@@ -2272,18 +2342,14 @@ u32 get_random_u32(void)

		warn_unseeded_randomness(&previous);

		use_lock = READ_ONCE(crng_init) < 2;
		batch = &get_cpu_var(batched_entropy_u32);
		if (use_lock)
		read_lock_irqsave(&batched_entropy_reset_lock, flags);
		batch = raw_cpu_ptr(&batched_entropy_u32);
		spin_lock_irqsave(&batch->batch_lock, flags);
		if (batch->position % ARRAY_SIZE(batch->entropy_u32) == 0) {
		extract_crng((u8 *)batch->entropy_u32);
		batch->position = 0;
		}
		ret = batch->entropy_u32[batch->position++];
		if (use_lock)
		read_unlock_irqrestore(&batched_entropy_reset_lock, flags);
		put_cpu_var(batched_entropy_u32);
		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&batch->batch_lock, flags);
		return ret;
		}
		EXPORT_SYMBOL(get_random_u32);
		@@ -2297,12 +2363,19 @@ static void invalidate_batched_entropy(void)
		int cpu;
		unsigned long flags;

		write_lock_irqsave(&batched_entropy_reset_lock, flags);
		for_each_possible_cpu (cpu) {
		per_cpu_ptr(&batched_entropy_u32, cpu)->position = 0;
		per_cpu_ptr(&batched_entropy_u64, cpu)->position = 0;
		struct batched_entropy *batched_entropy;

		batched_entropy = per_cpu_ptr(&batched_entropy_u32, cpu);
		spin_lock_irqsave(&batched_entropy->batch_lock, flags);
		batched_entropy->position = 0;
		spin_unlock(&batched_entropy->batch_lock);

		batched_entropy = per_cpu_ptr(&batched_entropy_u64, cpu);
		spin_lock(&batched_entropy->batch_lock);
		batched_entropy->position = 0;
		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&batched_entropy->batch_lock, flags);
		}
		write_unlock_irqrestore(&batched_entropy_reset_lock, flags);
		}

		/**

include/linux/random.h

+1 −0

Original line number	Diff line number	Diff line
		@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ extern void add_interrupt_randomness(int irq, int irq_flags) __latent_entropy;

		extern void get_random_bytes(void *buf, int nbytes);
		extern int wait_for_random_bytes(void);
		extern int __init rand_initialize(void);
		extern bool rng_is_initialized(void);
		extern int add_random_ready_callback(struct random_ready_callback *rdy);
		extern void del_random_ready_callback(struct random_ready_callback *rdy);

include/trace/events/random.h

+5 −8

Original line number	Diff line number	Diff line
		@@ -62,15 +62,14 @@ DEFINE_EVENT(random__mix_pool_bytes, mix_pool_bytes_nolock,

		TRACE_EVENT(credit_entropy_bits,
		TP_PROTO(const char *pool_name, int bits, int entropy_count,
		int entropy_total, unsigned long IP),
		unsigned long IP),

		TP_ARGS(pool_name, bits, entropy_count, entropy_total, IP),
		TP_ARGS(pool_name, bits, entropy_count, IP),

		TP_STRUCT__entry(
		__field( const char *, pool_name )
		__field( int, bits )
		__field( int, entropy_count )
		__field( int, entropy_total )
		__field(unsigned long, IP )
		),

		@@ -78,14 +77,12 @@ TRACE_EVENT(credit_entropy_bits,
		__entry->pool_name = pool_name;
		__entry->bits = bits;
		__entry->entropy_count = entropy_count;
		__entry->entropy_total = entropy_total;
		__entry->IP = IP;
		),

		TP_printk("%s pool: bits %d entropy_count %d entropy_total %d "
		"caller %pS", __entry->pool_name, __entry->bits,
		__entry->entropy_count, __entry->entropy_total,
		(void *)__entry->IP)
		TP_printk("%s pool: bits %d entropy_count %d caller %pS",
		__entry->pool_name, __entry->bits,
		__entry->entropy_count, (void *)__entry->IP)
		);

		TRACE_EVENT(push_to_pool,

init/main.c

+14 −7

Original line number	Diff line number	Diff line
		@@ -569,13 +569,6 @@ asmlinkage __visible void __init start_kernel(void)
		page_address_init();
		pr_notice("%s", linux_banner);
		setup_arch(&command_line);
		/*
		* Set up the the initial canary and entropy after arch
		* and after adding latent and command line entropy.
		*/
		add_latent_entropy();
		add_device_randomness(command_line, strlen(command_line));
		boot_init_stack_canary();
		mm_init_cpumask(&init_mm);
		setup_command_line(command_line);
		setup_nr_cpu_ids();
		@@ -660,6 +653,20 @@ asmlinkage __visible void __init start_kernel(void)
		hrtimers_init();
		softirq_init();
		timekeeping_init();

		/*
		* For best initial stack canary entropy, prepare it after:
		* - setup_arch() for any UEFI RNG entropy and boot cmdline access
		* - timekeeping_init() for ktime entropy used in rand_initialize()
		* - rand_initialize() to get any arch-specific entropy like RDRAND
		* - add_latent_entropy() to get any latent entropy
		* - adding command line entropy
		*/
		rand_initialize();
		add_latent_entropy();
		add_device_randomness(command_line, strlen(command_line));
		boot_init_stack_canary();

		time_init();
		printk_safe_init();
		perf_event_init();

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