Commit b4219952 authored by Herbert Xu's avatar Herbert Xu Committed by David S. Miller
Browse files

[PKT_SCHED]: Add stateless NAT 



Stateless NAT is useful in controlled environments where restrictions are
placed on through traffic such that we don't need connection tracking to
correctly NAT protocol-specific data.

In particular, this is of interest when the number of flows or the number
of addresses being NATed is large, or if connection tracking information
has to be replicated and where it is not practical to do so.

Previously we had stateless NAT functionality which was integrated into
the IPv4 routing subsystem.  This was a great solution as long as the NAT
worked on a subnet to subnet basis such that the number of NAT rules was
relatively small.  The reason is that for SNAT the routing based system
had to perform a linear scan through the rules.

If the number of rules is large then major renovations would have take
place in the routing subsystem to make this practical.

For the time being, the least intrusive way of achieving this is to use
the u32 classifier written by Alexey Kuznetsov along with the actions
infrastructure implemented by Jamal Hadi Salim.

The following patch is an attempt at this problem by creating a new nat
action that can be invoked from u32 hash tables which would allow large
number of stateless NAT rules that can be used/updated in constant time.

The actual NAT code is mostly based on the previous stateless NAT code
written by Alexey.  In future we might be able to utilise the protocol
NAT code from netfilter to improve support for other protocols.

Signed-off-by: default avatarHerbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Signed-off-by: default avatarDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
parent ce1234d2

include/linux/tc_act/tc_nat.h

0 → 100644
+29 −0
Original line number Diff line number Diff line 
#ifndef __LINUX_TC_NAT_H

#define __LINUX_TC_NAT_H



#include <linux/pkt_cls.h>

#include <linux/types.h>



#define TCA_ACT_NAT 9



enum

{

	TCA_NAT_UNSPEC,

	TCA_NAT_PARMS,

	TCA_NAT_TM,

	__TCA_NAT_MAX

};

#define TCA_NAT_MAX (__TCA_NAT_MAX - 1)



#define TCA_NAT_FLAG_EGRESS 1



struct tc_nat

{

	tc_gen;

	__be32 old_addr;

	__be32 new_addr;

	__be32 mask;

	__u32 flags;

};



#endif

include/net/tc_act/tc_nat.h

0 → 100644
+21 −0
Original line number Diff line number Diff line 
#ifndef __NET_TC_NAT_H

#define __NET_TC_NAT_H



#include <linux/types.h>

#include <net/act_api.h>



struct tcf_nat {

	struct tcf_common common;



	__be32 old_addr;

	__be32 new_addr;

	__be32 mask;

	u32 flags;

};



static inline struct tcf_nat *to_tcf_nat(struct tcf_common *pc)

{

	return container_of(pc, struct tcf_nat, common);

}



#endif /* __NET_TC_NAT_H */

net/sched/Kconfig

+11 −0
Original line number Diff line number Diff line
@@ -447,6 +447,17 @@ config NET_ACT_IPT 
	  To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the

	  module will be called ipt.



config NET_ACT_NAT

        tristate "Stateless NAT"

        depends on NET_CLS_ACT

        select NETFILTER

        ---help---

	  Say Y here to do stateless NAT on IPv4 packets.  You should use

	  netfilter for NAT unless you know what you are doing.



	  To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the

	  module will be called nat.



config NET_ACT_PEDIT

        tristate "Packet Editing"

        depends on NET_CLS_ACT

net/sched/Makefile

+1 −0
Original line number Diff line number Diff line
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_NET_ACT_POLICE) += act_police.o 
obj-$(CONFIG_NET_ACT_GACT)	+= act_gact.o

obj-$(CONFIG_NET_ACT_MIRRED)	+= act_mirred.o

obj-$(CONFIG_NET_ACT_IPT)	+= act_ipt.o

obj-$(CONFIG_NET_ACT_NAT)	+= act_nat.o

obj-$(CONFIG_NET_ACT_PEDIT)	+= act_pedit.o

obj-$(CONFIG_NET_ACT_SIMP)	+= act_simple.o

obj-$(CONFIG_NET_SCH_FIFO)	+= sch_fifo.o

net/sched/act_nat.c

0 → 100644
+322 −0
Original line number Diff line number Diff line 
/*

 * Stateless NAT actions

 *

 * Copyright (c) 2007 Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>

 *

 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it

 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free

 * Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option)

 * any later version.

 */



#include <linux/errno.h>

#include <linux/init.h>

#include <linux/kernel.h>

#include <linux/module.h>

#include <linux/netfilter.h>

#include <linux/rtnetlink.h>

#include <linux/skbuff.h>

#include <linux/slab.h>

#include <linux/spinlock.h>

#include <linux/string.h>

#include <linux/tc_act/tc_nat.h>

#include <net/act_api.h>

#include <net/icmp.h>

#include <net/ip.h>

#include <net/netlink.h>

#include <net/tc_act/tc_nat.h>

#include <net/tcp.h>

#include <net/udp.h>





#define NAT_TAB_MASK	15

static struct tcf_common *tcf_nat_ht[NAT_TAB_MASK + 1];

static u32 nat_idx_gen;

static DEFINE_RWLOCK(nat_lock);



static struct tcf_hashinfo nat_hash_info = {

	.htab	=	tcf_nat_ht,

	.hmask	=	NAT_TAB_MASK,

	.lock	=	&nat_lock,

};



static int tcf_nat_init(struct rtattr *rta, struct rtattr *est,

			struct tc_action *a, int ovr, int bind)

{

	struct rtattr *tb[TCA_NAT_MAX];

	struct tc_nat *parm;

	int ret = 0;

	struct tcf_nat *p;

	struct tcf_common *pc;



	if (rta == NULL || rtattr_parse_nested(tb, TCA_NAT_MAX, rta) < 0)

		return -EINVAL;



	if (tb[TCA_NAT_PARMS - 1] == NULL ||

	    RTA_PAYLOAD(tb[TCA_NAT_PARMS - 1]) < sizeof(*parm))

		return -EINVAL;

	parm = RTA_DATA(tb[TCA_NAT_PARMS - 1]);



	pc = tcf_hash_check(parm->index, a, bind, &nat_hash_info);

	if (!pc) {

		pc = tcf_hash_create(parm->index, est, a, sizeof(*p), bind,

				     &nat_idx_gen, &nat_hash_info);

		if (unlikely(!pc))

			return -ENOMEM;

		p = to_tcf_nat(pc);

		ret = ACT_P_CREATED;

	} else {

		p = to_tcf_nat(pc);

		if (!ovr) {

			tcf_hash_release(pc, bind, &nat_hash_info);

			return -EEXIST;

		}

	}



	spin_lock_bh(&p->tcf_lock);

	p->old_addr = parm->old_addr;

	p->new_addr = parm->new_addr;

	p->mask = parm->mask;

	p->flags = parm->flags;



	p->tcf_action = parm->action;

	spin_unlock_bh(&p->tcf_lock);



	if (ret == ACT_P_CREATED)

		tcf_hash_insert(pc, &nat_hash_info);



	return ret;

}



static int tcf_nat_cleanup(struct tc_action *a, int bind)

{

	struct tcf_nat *p = a->priv;



	return tcf_hash_release(&p->common, bind, &nat_hash_info);

}



static int tcf_nat(struct sk_buff *skb, struct tc_action *a,

		   struct tcf_result *res)

{

	struct tcf_nat *p = a->priv;

	struct iphdr *iph;

	__be32 old_addr;

	__be32 new_addr;

	__be32 mask;

	__be32 addr;

	int egress;

	int action;

	int ihl;



	spin_lock(&p->tcf_lock);



	p->tcf_tm.lastuse = jiffies;

	old_addr = p->old_addr;

	new_addr = p->new_addr;

	mask = p->mask;

	egress = p->flags & TCA_NAT_FLAG_EGRESS;

	action = p->tcf_action;



	p->tcf_bstats.bytes += skb->len;

	p->tcf_bstats.packets++;



	spin_unlock(&p->tcf_lock);



	if (unlikely(action == TC_ACT_SHOT))

		goto drop;



	if (!pskb_may_pull(skb, sizeof(*iph)))

		goto drop;



	iph = ip_hdr(skb);



	if (egress)

		addr = iph->saddr;

	else

		addr = iph->daddr;



	if (!((old_addr ^ addr) & mask)) {

		if (skb_cloned(skb) &&

		    !skb_clone_writable(skb, sizeof(*iph)) &&

		    pskb_expand_head(skb, 0, 0, GFP_ATOMIC))

			goto drop;



		new_addr &= mask;

		new_addr |= addr & ~mask;



		/* Rewrite IP header */

		iph = ip_hdr(skb);

		if (egress)

			iph->saddr = new_addr;

		else

			iph->daddr = new_addr;



		nf_csum_replace4(&iph->check, addr, new_addr);

	}



	ihl = iph->ihl * 4;



	/* It would be nice to share code with stateful NAT. */

	switch (iph->frag_off & htons(IP_OFFSET) ? 0 : iph->protocol) {

	case IPPROTO_TCP:

	{

		struct tcphdr *tcph;



		if (!pskb_may_pull(skb, ihl + sizeof(*tcph)) ||

		    (skb_cloned(skb) &&

		     !skb_clone_writable(skb, ihl + sizeof(*tcph)) &&

		     pskb_expand_head(skb, 0, 0, GFP_ATOMIC)))

			goto drop;



		tcph = (void *)(skb_network_header(skb) + ihl);

		nf_proto_csum_replace4(&tcph->check, skb, addr, new_addr, 1);

		break;

	}

	case IPPROTO_UDP:

	{

		struct udphdr *udph;



		if (!pskb_may_pull(skb, ihl + sizeof(*udph)) ||

		    (skb_cloned(skb) &&

		     !skb_clone_writable(skb, ihl + sizeof(*udph)) &&

		     pskb_expand_head(skb, 0, 0, GFP_ATOMIC)))

			goto drop;



		udph = (void *)(skb_network_header(skb) + ihl);

		if (udph->check || skb->ip_summed == CHECKSUM_PARTIAL) {

			nf_proto_csum_replace4(&udph->check, skb, addr,

					       new_addr, 1);

			if (!udph->check)

				udph->check = CSUM_MANGLED_0;

		}

		break;

	}

	case IPPROTO_ICMP:

	{

		struct icmphdr *icmph;



		if (!pskb_may_pull(skb, ihl + sizeof(*icmph) + sizeof(*iph)))

			goto drop;



		icmph = (void *)(skb_network_header(skb) + ihl);



		if ((icmph->type != ICMP_DEST_UNREACH) &&

		    (icmph->type != ICMP_TIME_EXCEEDED) &&

		    (icmph->type != ICMP_PARAMETERPROB))

			break;



		iph = (void *)(icmph + 1);

		if (egress)

			addr = iph->daddr;

		else

			addr = iph->saddr;



		if ((old_addr ^ addr) & mask)

			break;



		if (skb_cloned(skb) &&

		    !skb_clone_writable(skb,

					ihl + sizeof(*icmph) + sizeof(*iph)) &&

		    pskb_expand_head(skb, 0, 0, GFP_ATOMIC))

			goto drop;



		icmph = (void *)(skb_network_header(skb) + ihl);

		iph = (void *)(icmph + 1);



		new_addr &= mask;

		new_addr |= addr & ~mask;



		/* XXX Fix up the inner checksums. */

		if (egress)

			iph->daddr = new_addr;

		else

			iph->saddr = new_addr;



		nf_proto_csum_replace4(&icmph->checksum, skb, addr, new_addr,

				       1);

		break;

	}

	default:

		break;

	}



	return action;



drop:

	spin_lock(&p->tcf_lock);

	p->tcf_qstats.drops++;

	spin_unlock(&p->tcf_lock);

	return TC_ACT_SHOT;

}



static int tcf_nat_dump(struct sk_buff *skb, struct tc_action *a,

			int bind, int ref)

{

	unsigned char *b = skb_tail_pointer(skb);

	struct tcf_nat *p = a->priv;

	struct tc_nat *opt;

	struct tcf_t t;

	int s;



	s = sizeof(*opt);



	/* netlink spinlocks held above us - must use ATOMIC */

	opt = kzalloc(s, GFP_ATOMIC);

	if (unlikely(!opt))

		return -ENOBUFS;



	opt->old_addr = p->old_addr;

	opt->new_addr = p->new_addr;

	opt->mask = p->mask;

	opt->flags = p->flags;



	opt->index = p->tcf_index;

	opt->action = p->tcf_action;

	opt->refcnt = p->tcf_refcnt - ref;

	opt->bindcnt = p->tcf_bindcnt - bind;



	RTA_PUT(skb, TCA_NAT_PARMS, s, opt);

	t.install = jiffies_to_clock_t(jiffies - p->tcf_tm.install);

	t.lastuse = jiffies_to_clock_t(jiffies - p->tcf_tm.lastuse);

	t.expires = jiffies_to_clock_t(p->tcf_tm.expires);

	RTA_PUT(skb, TCA_NAT_TM, sizeof(t), &t);



	kfree(opt);



	return skb->len;



rtattr_failure:

	nlmsg_trim(skb, b);

	kfree(opt);

	return -1;

}



static struct tc_action_ops act_nat_ops = {

	.kind		=	"nat",

	.hinfo		=	&nat_hash_info,

	.type		=	TCA_ACT_NAT,

	.capab		=	TCA_CAP_NONE,

	.owner		=	THIS_MODULE,

	.act		=	tcf_nat,

	.dump		=	tcf_nat_dump,

	.cleanup	=	tcf_nat_cleanup,

	.lookup		=	tcf_hash_search,

	.init		=	tcf_nat_init,

	.walk		=	tcf_generic_walker

};



MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Stateless NAT actions");

MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");



static int __init nat_init_module(void)

{

	return tcf_register_action(&act_nat_ops);

}



static void __exit nat_cleanup_module(void)

{

	tcf_unregister_action(&act_nat_ops);

}



module_init(nat_init_module);

module_exit(nat_cleanup_module);

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