clk: allow reentrant calls into the clk framework

Reentrancy into the clock framework is necessary for clock operations
that result in nested calls to the clk api.  A common example is a clock
that is prepared via an i2c transaction, such as a clock inside of a
discrete audio chip or a power management IC.  The i2c subsystem itself
will use the clk api resulting in a deadlock:

clk_prepare(audio_clk)
	i2c_transfer(..)
		clk_prepare(i2c_controller_clk)

The ability to reenter the clock framework prevents this deadlock.

Other use cases exist such as allowing .set_rate callbacks to call
clk_set_parent to achieve the best rate, or to save power in certain
configurations.  Yet another example is performing pinctrl operations
from a clk_ops callback.  Calls into the pinctrl subsystem may call
clk_{un}prepare on an unrelated clock.  Allowing for nested calls to
reenter the clock framework enables both of these use cases.

Reentrancy is implemented by two global pointers that track the owner
currently holding a global lock.  One pointer tracks the owner during
sleepable, mutex-protected operations and the other one tracks the owner
during non-interruptible, spinlock-protected operations.

When the clk framework is entered we try to hold the global lock.  If it
is held we compare the current task against the current owner; a match
implies a nested call and we reenter.  If the values do not match then
we block on the lock until it is released.

Signed-off-by: Mike Turquette <mturquette@linaro.org>
Cc: Rajagopal Venkat <rajagopal.venkat@linaro.org>
Cc: David Brown <davidb@codeaurora.org>
Tested-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>