timers, sched_clock: Update timeout for clock wrap

The scheduler clock framework may not use the correct timeout for the clock
wrap. This happens when a new clock driver calls sched_clock_register()
after the kernel called sched_clock_postinit(). In this case the clock wrap
timeout is too long thus sched_clock_poll() is called too late and the clock
already wrapped.

On my ARM system the scheduler was no longer scheduling any other task than
the idle task because the sched_clock() wrapped.

Signed-off-by: David Engraf <david.engraf@sysgo.com>
Signed-off-by: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>