Merge tag 'docs-4.20' of git://git.lwn.net/linux

This is a brief list of all the files in ./linux/Documentation and what

they contain. If you add a documentation file, please list it here in

alphabetical order as well, or risk being hunted down like a rabid dog.

Please keep the descriptions small enough to fit on one line.

							 Thanks -- Paul G.

Following translations are available on the WWW:

   - Japanese, maintained by the JF Project (jf@listserv.linux.or.jp), at

     http://linuxjf.sourceforge.jp/

00-INDEX

	- this file.

ABI/

	- info on kernel <-> userspace ABI and relative interface stability.

CodingStyle

	- nothing here, just a pointer to process/coding-style.rst.

DMA-API.txt

	- DMA API, pci_ API & extensions for non-consistent memory machines.

DMA-API-HOWTO.txt

	- Dynamic DMA mapping Guide

DMA-ISA-LPC.txt

	- How to do DMA with ISA (and LPC) devices.

DMA-attributes.txt

	- listing of the various possible attributes a DMA region can have

EDID/

	- directory with info on customizing EDID for broken gfx/displays.

IPMI.txt

	- info on Linux Intelligent Platform Management Interface (IPMI) Driver.

IRQ-affinity.txt

	- how to select which CPU(s) handle which interrupt events on SMP.

IRQ-domain.txt

	- info on interrupt numbering and setting up IRQ domains.

IRQ.txt

	- description of what an IRQ is.

Intel-IOMMU.txt

	- basic info on the Intel IOMMU virtualization support.

Makefile

	- It's not of interest for those who aren't touching the build system.

PCI/

	- info related to PCI drivers.

RCU/

	- directory with info on RCU (read-copy update).

SAK.txt

	- info on Secure Attention Keys.

SM501.txt

	- Silicon Motion SM501 multimedia companion chip

SubmittingPatches

	- nothing here, just a pointer to process/coding-style.rst.

accounting/

	- documentation on accounting and taskstats.

acpi/

	- info on ACPI-specific hooks in the kernel.

admin-guide/

	- info related to Linux users and system admins.

aoe/

	- description of AoE (ATA over Ethernet) along with config examples.

arm/

	- directory with info about Linux on the ARM architecture.

arm64/

	- directory with info about Linux on the 64 bit ARM architecture.

auxdisplay/

	- misc. LCD driver documentation (cfag12864b, ks0108).

backlight/

	- directory with info on controlling backlights in flat panel displays

block/

	- info on the Block I/O (BIO) layer.

blockdev/

	- info on block devices & drivers

bt8xxgpio.txt

	- info on how to modify a bt8xx video card for GPIO usage.

btmrvl.txt

	- info on Marvell Bluetooth driver usage.

bus-devices/

	- directory with info on TI GPMC (General Purpose Memory Controller)

bus-virt-phys-mapping.txt

	- how to access I/O mapped memory from within device drivers.

cdrom/

	- directory with information on the CD-ROM drivers that Linux has.

cgroup-v1/

	- cgroups v1 features, including cpusets and memory controller.

cma/

	- Continuous Memory Area (CMA) debugfs interface.

conf.py

	- It's not of interest for those who aren't touching the build system.

connector/

	- docs on the netlink based userspace<->kernel space communication mod.

console/

	- documentation on Linux console drivers.

core-api/

	- documentation on kernel core components.

cpu-freq/

	- info on CPU frequency and voltage scaling.

cpu-hotplug.txt

	- document describing CPU hotplug support in the Linux kernel.

cpu-load.txt

	- document describing how CPU load statistics are collected.

cpuidle/

	- info on CPU_IDLE, CPU idle state management subsystem.

cputopology.txt

	- documentation on how CPU topology info is exported via sysfs.

crc32.txt

	- brief tutorial on CRC computation

crypto/

	- directory with info on the Crypto API.

dcdbas.txt

	- information on the Dell Systems Management Base Driver.

debugging-modules.txt

	- some notes on debugging modules after Linux 2.6.3.

debugging-via-ohci1394.txt

	- how to use firewire like a hardware debugger memory reader.

dell_rbu.txt

	- document demonstrating the use of the Dell Remote BIOS Update driver.

dev-tools/

	- directory with info on development tools for the kernel.

device-mapper/

	- directory with info on Device Mapper.

dmaengine/

	- the DMA engine and controller API guides.

devicetree/

	- directory with info on device tree files used by OF/PowerPC/ARM

digsig.txt

	-info on the Digital Signature Verification API

dma-buf-sharing.txt

	- the DMA Buffer Sharing API Guide

docutils.conf

	- nothing here. Just a configuration file for docutils.

dontdiff

	- file containing a list of files that should never be diff'ed.

driver-api/

	- the Linux driver implementer's API guide.

driver-model/

	- directory with info about Linux driver model.

early-userspace/

	- info about initramfs, klibc, and userspace early during boot.

efi-stub.txt

	- How to use the EFI boot stub to bypass GRUB or elilo on EFI systems.

eisa.txt

	- info on EISA bus support.

extcon/

	- directory with porting guide for Android kernel switch driver.

isa.txt

	- info on EISA bus support.

fault-injection/

	- dir with docs about the fault injection capabilities infrastructure.

fb/

	- directory with info on the frame buffer graphics abstraction layer.

features/

	- status of feature implementation on different architectures.

filesystems/

	- info on the vfs and the various filesystems that Linux supports.

firmware_class/

	- request_firmware() hotplug interface info.

flexible-arrays.txt

	- how to make use of flexible sized arrays in linux

fmc/

	- information about the FMC bus abstraction

fpga/

	- FPGA Manager Core.

futex-requeue-pi.txt

	- info on requeueing of tasks from a non-PI futex to a PI futex

gcc-plugins.txt

	- GCC plugin infrastructure.

gpio/

	- gpio related documentation

gpu/

	- directory with information on GPU driver developer's guide.

hid/

	- directory with information on human interface devices

highuid.txt

	- notes on the change from 16 bit to 32 bit user/group IDs.

hwspinlock.txt

	- hardware spinlock provides hardware assistance for synchronization

timers/

	- info on the timer related topics

hw_random.txt

	- info on Linux support for random number generator in i8xx chipsets.

hwmon/

	- directory with docs on various hardware monitoring drivers.

i2c/

	- directory with info about the I2C bus/protocol (2 wire, kHz speed).

x86/i386/

	- directory with info about Linux on Intel 32 bit architecture.

ia64/

	- directory with info about Linux on Intel 64 bit architecture.

ide/

	- Information regarding the Enhanced IDE drive.

iio/

	- info on industrial IIO configfs support.

index.rst

	- main index for the documentation at ReST format.

infiniband/

	- directory with documents concerning Linux InfiniBand support.

input/

	- info on Linux input device support.

intel_txt.txt

	- info on intel Trusted Execution Technology (intel TXT).

io-mapping.txt

	- description of io_mapping functions in linux/io-mapping.h

io_ordering.txt

	- info on ordering I/O writes to memory-mapped addresses.

ioctl/

	- directory with documents describing various IOCTL calls.

iostats.txt

	- info on I/O statistics Linux kernel provides.

irqflags-tracing.txt

	- how to use the irq-flags tracing feature.

isapnp.txt

	- info on Linux ISA Plug & Play support.

isdn/

	- directory with info on the Linux ISDN support, and supported cards.

kbuild/

	- directory with info about the kernel build process.

kdump/

	- directory with mini HowTo on getting the crash dump code to work.

doc-guide/

	- how to write and format reStructuredText kernel documentation

kernel-per-CPU-kthreads.txt

	- List of all per-CPU kthreads and how they introduce jitter.

kobject.txt

	- info of the kobject infrastructure of the Linux kernel.

kprobes.txt

	- documents the kernel probes debugging feature.

kref.txt

	- docs on adding reference counters (krefs) to kernel objects.

laptops/

	- directory with laptop related info and laptop driver documentation.

ldm.txt

	- a brief description of LDM (Windows Dynamic Disks).

leds/

	- directory with info about LED handling under Linux.

livepatch/

	- info on kernel live patching.

locking/

	- directory with info about kernel locking primitives

lockup-watchdogs.txt

	- info on soft and hard lockup detectors (aka nmi_watchdog).

logo.gif

	- full colour GIF image of Linux logo (penguin - Tux).

logo.txt

	- info on creator of above logo & site to get additional images from.

lsm.txt

	- Linux Security Modules: General Security Hooks for Linux

lzo.txt

	- kernel LZO decompressor input formats

m68k/

	- directory with info about Linux on Motorola 68k architecture.

mailbox.txt

	- How to write drivers for the common mailbox framework (IPC).

md/

	- directory with info about Linux Software RAID

media/

	- info on media drivers: uAPI, kAPI and driver documentation.

memory-barriers.txt

	- info on Linux kernel memory barriers.

memory-devices/

	- directory with info on parts like the Texas Instruments EMIF driver

memory-hotplug.txt

	- Hotpluggable memory support, how to use and current status.

men-chameleon-bus.txt

	- info on MEN chameleon bus.

mic/

	- Intel Many Integrated Core (MIC) architecture device driver.

mips/

	- directory with info about Linux on MIPS architecture.

misc-devices/

	- directory with info about devices using the misc dev subsystem

mmc/

	- directory with info about the MMC subsystem

mtd/

	- directory with info about memory technology devices (flash)

namespaces/

	- directory with various information about namespaces

netlabel/

	- directory with information on the NetLabel subsystem.

networking/

	- directory with info on various aspects of networking with Linux.

nfc/

	- directory relating info about Near Field Communications support.

nios2/

	- Linux on the Nios II architecture.

nommu-mmap.txt

	- documentation about no-mmu memory mapping support.

numastat.txt

	- info on how to read Numa policy hit/miss statistics in sysfs.

ntb.txt

	- info on Non-Transparent Bridge (NTB) drivers.

nvdimm/

	- info on non-volatile devices.

nvmem/

	- info on non volatile memory framework.

output/

	- default directory where html/LaTeX/pdf files will be written.

padata.txt

	- An introduction to the "padata" parallel execution API

parisc/

	- directory with info on using Linux on PA-RISC architecture.

parport-lowlevel.txt

	- description and usage of the low level parallel port functions.

pcmcia/

	- info on the Linux PCMCIA driver.

percpu-rw-semaphore.txt

	- RCU based read-write semaphore optimized for locking for reading

perf/

	- info about the APM X-Gene SoC Performance Monitoring Unit (PMU).

phy/

	- ino on Samsung USB 2.0 PHY adaptation layer.

phy.txt

	- Description of the generic PHY framework.

pi-futex.txt

	- documentation on lightweight priority inheritance futexes.

pinctrl.txt

	- info on pinctrl subsystem and the PINMUX/PINCONF and drivers

platform/

	- List of supported hardware by compal and Dell laptop.

pnp.txt

	- Linux Plug and Play documentation.

power/

	- directory with info on Linux PCI power management.

powerpc/

	- directory with info on using Linux with the PowerPC.

prctl/

	- directory with info on the priveledge control subsystem

preempt-locking.txt

	- info on locking under a preemptive kernel.

process/

	- how to work with the mainline kernel development process.

pps/

	- directory with information on the pulse-per-second support

pti/

	- directory with info on Intel MID PTI.

ptp/

	- directory with info on support for IEEE 1588 PTP clocks in Linux.

pwm.txt

	- info on the pulse width modulation driver subsystem

rapidio/

	- directory with info on RapidIO packet-based fabric interconnect

rbtree.txt

	- info on what red-black trees are and what they are for.

remoteproc.txt

	- info on how to handle remote processor (e.g. AMP) offloads/usage.

rfkill.txt

	- info on the radio frequency kill switch subsystem/support.

robust-futex-ABI.txt

	- documentation of the robust futex ABI.

robust-futexes.txt

	- a description of what robust futexes are.

rpmsg.txt

	- info on the Remote Processor Messaging (rpmsg) Framework

rtc.txt

	- notes on how to use the Real Time Clock (aka CMOS clock) driver.

s390/

	- directory with info on using Linux on the IBM S390.

scheduler/

	- directory with info on the scheduler.

scsi/

	- directory with info on Linux scsi support.

security/

	- directory that contains security-related info

serial/

	- directory with info on the low level serial API.

sgi-ioc4.txt

	- description of the SGI IOC4 PCI (multi function) device.

sh/

	- directory with info on porting Linux to a new architecture.

smsc_ece1099.txt

	-info on the smsc Keyboard Scan Expansion/GPIO Expansion device.

sound/

	- directory with info on sound card support.

spi/

	- overview of Linux kernel Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) support.

sphinx/

	- no documentation here, just files required by Sphinx toolchain.

sphinx-static/

	- no documentation here, just files required by Sphinx toolchain.

static-keys.txt

	- info on how static keys allow debug code in hotpaths via patching

svga.txt

	- short guide on selecting video modes at boot via VGA BIOS.

sync_file.txt

	- Sync file API guide.

sysctl/

	- directory with info on the /proc/sys/* files.

target/

	- directory with info on generating TCM v4 fabric .ko modules

tee.txt

	- info on the TEE subsystem and drivers

this_cpu_ops.txt

	- List rationale behind and the way to use this_cpu operations.

thermal/

	- directory with information on managing thermal issues (CPU/temp)

trace/

	- directory with info on tracing technologies within linux

translations/

	- translations of this document from English to another language

unaligned-memory-access.txt

	- info on how to avoid arch breaking unaligned memory access in code.

unshare.txt

	- description of the Linux unshare system call.

usb/

	- directory with info regarding the Universal Serial Bus.

vfio.txt

	- info on Virtual Function I/O used in guest/hypervisor instances.

video-output.txt

	- sysfs class driver interface to enable/disable a video output device.

virtual/

	- directory with information on the various linux virtualizations.

vm/

	- directory with info on the Linux vm code.

w1/

	- directory with documents regarding the 1-wire (w1) subsystem.

watchdog/

	- how to auto-reboot Linux if it has "fallen and can't get up". ;-)

wimax/

	- directory with info about Intel Wireless Wimax Connections

core-api/workqueue.rst

	- information on the Concurrency Managed Workqueue implementation

x86/x86_64/

	- directory with info on Linux support for AMD x86-64 (Hammer) machines.

xillybus.txt

	- Overview and basic ui of xillybus driver

xtensa/

	- directory with documents relating to arch/xtensa port/implementation

xz.txt

	- how to make use of the XZ data compression within linux kernel

zorro.txt

	- info on writing drivers for Zorro bus devices found on Amigas.

00-INDEX

	- this file

acpi-info.txt

	- info on how PCI host bridges are represented in ACPI

MSI-HOWTO.txt

	- the Message Signaled Interrupts (MSI) Driver Guide HOWTO and FAQ.

PCIEBUS-HOWTO.txt

	- a guide describing the PCI Express Port Bus driver

pci-error-recovery.txt

	- info on PCI error recovery

pci-iov-howto.txt

	- the PCI Express I/O Virtualization HOWTO

pci.txt

	- info on the PCI subsystem for device driver authors

pcieaer-howto.txt

	- the PCI Express Advanced Error Reporting Driver Guide HOWTO

endpoint/pci-endpoint.txt

	- guide to add endpoint controller driver and endpoint function driver.

endpoint/pci-endpoint-cfs.txt

	- guide to use configfs to configure the PCI endpoint function.

endpoint/pci-test-function.txt

	- specification of *PCI test* function device.

endpoint/pci-test-howto.txt

	- userguide for PCI endpoint test function.

endpoint/function/binding/

	- binding documentation for PCI endpoint function

00-INDEX

	- This file

arrayRCU.txt

	- Using RCU to Protect Read-Mostly Arrays

checklist.txt

	- Review Checklist for RCU Patches

listRCU.txt

	- Using RCU to Protect Read-Mostly Linked Lists

lockdep.txt

	- RCU and lockdep checking

lockdep-splat.txt

	- RCU Lockdep splats explained.

NMI-RCU.txt

	- Using RCU to Protect Dynamic NMI Handlers

rcu_dereference.txt

	- Proper care and feeding of return values from rcu_dereference()

rcubarrier.txt

	- RCU and Unloadable Modules

rculist_nulls.txt

	- RCU list primitives for use with SLAB_TYPESAFE_BY_RCU

rcuref.txt

	- Reference-count design for elements of lists/arrays protected by RCU

rcu.txt

	- RCU Concepts

RTFP.txt

	- List of RCU papers (bibliography) going back to 1980.

stallwarn.txt

	- RCU CPU stall warnings (module parameter rcu_cpu_stall_suppress)

torture.txt

	- RCU Torture Test Operation (CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST)

UP.txt

	- RCU on Uniprocessor Systems

whatisRCU.txt

	- What is RCU?

	See the RTFP.txt file in this directory.

	Or point your browser at http://www.rdrop.com/users/paulmck/RCU/.

o	What are all these files in this directory?

	See 00-INDEX for the list.

    Using ``PTRACE_TRACEME`` is unchanged.

2 - admin-only attach:

    only processes with ``CAP_SYS_PTRACE`` may use ptrace

    with ``PTRACE_ATTACH``, or through children calling ``PTRACE_TRACEME``.

    only processes with ``CAP_SYS_PTRACE`` may use ptrace, either with

    ``PTRACE_ATTACH`` or through children calling ``PTRACE_TRACEME``.

3 - no attach:

    no processes may use ptrace with ``PTRACE_ATTACH`` nor via