这是一门关于 20 世纪中国物理学发展和物理学家成长历程的科学史课程。中国物理学界近年来所取得的一些突出成绩和
迅速的进步,已经引起了全世界的注目。以量子物理和相对论为基础的现代物理学,是在 20 世纪初相继传入我国的,经
过一代又一代中国物理学前辈们的艰苦努力,才为中国物理学研究成就奠定了坚实的基础。通过学习、研究和总结现代物
理学在 20 世纪中国的启蒙发展与经验教训,可以帮助年轻学子深入了解老一辈中国物理学家们的曲折成长经历及其刻苦
钻研、精忠报国的精神,有助于他们成长为推动中国科学技术不断创新和发展的栋梁之才。
本课讨论的内容,包括量子论、相对论等现代物理理论在中国的传播历史,中国物理学家(特别是夏元瑮、何育杰、李芳
柏、周昌寿、胡刚复、饶毓泰、叶企孙、吴有训、周培源、王守竞、班威廉(William Band)、束星北、顾静嶶、吴大
猷、王竹溪、张宗燧、彭桓武、马士俊、胡宁、王明贞、张文裕、王承书、何怡贞、葛庭燧、钱三强、何泽慧、吴健雄、
袁家骝、杨振宁、黄昆、李政道等人)的成长经历,中国高等院校物理系及国立物理学研究机构的发展历程,以及国内外
社会历史事件对 20 世纪中国物理学发展的影响。
This is a history of science course on the development of Chinese physics and physicists during the 20
th
century.
Modern physics based on quantum theory and the theory of relativity were introduced into China successively in the
early 20
th
century. It was the hard work of generations of Chinese physicists in the last century that laid a solid
foundation for today’s Chinese accomplishments in physics. Studying the enlightenment and development of modern
physics in 20
th
-century China and drawing relevant historical lessons will deepen our understanding of the pioneers of
Chinese physics and their complicated life trajectory. Learning from these Chinese physics predecessors the spirit of
hard-working and patriotism will help cultivate and inspire young students to grow into scientists or engineers of
promise, who will advance the innovation and development of Chinese science and technology.
This course explores primarily on the dissemination of modern physics theories such as quantum theory and the theory
of relativity, the cultivation and development of Chinese physicists, the development of college departments of physics
and physics research institutes in China, as well as the historical context of the development of Chinese physics during
the 20
th
century.