natural man, the origin of society and property, the social contract, and the general will.
Week 4: The Advent of Commercial Society
This week will explore the economic thought of the 18
th
century. It will discuss the competing theories of mercantilism,
cameralism, physiocracy, and liberalism; the idea of division of labor; and the increasing promotion of economic self-
interest and laissez faire.
Week 5:The Revolutionary Nation
This week will focus on the reimagining of the nation in the course of the French Revolution, beginning with the “liberal”
phase and concluding with the radical, dictatorial phase.
Week 6:The Conservative Imaginary
In this week we will explore the consolidation of modern conservatism in reaction to the French Revolution.
Week 7: Liberalism and Utilitarianism
This week will look at the early Anglo-American and French liberal traditions as they developed in the early 19
th
century.
Week 8: Industrial Society and the Question of the Social
This week will focus on the rise of industrial society, the social problems it generated, the various political responses to
these problems, and the theoretical departures it motivated.
Week 9: Communism and Socialism
Continuing the previous week’s concerns, this week will focus on the emergence and consolidation of new radical political
ideologies and movements in response to industrialization and its attendant social problems.
Week 10: Nations and Nationalism
This week will look at the rise of nationalism as a revolutionary political force the early 19
th
century and its development
over the remainder of the century, especially before and after the revolutions of 1848.
Week 11: Spiritual Bonds
This week will consider the question of religion and, in particular, how religious traditions and spiritual communities were
reimagined in response to the pressures of modernity.
Week 12: Community versus Society
This week will look at classic works of sociology to explore the new theories of the social bond that they developed in
order to chart the transition from traditional to modern form of social organization.
Week 13: The Modern Metropolis
This week will be devoted to considering the effects of urbanization on both patterns of social interaction and on the
individual subject.
Week 14: Crowds and Masses
This week will consider how the problem of the modern masses – a problem closely connected to urbanization and
industrialization – challenged established political commitments and intellectual categories while providing new concepts
(e.g. suggestion, imitation, and identification) for imagining social life.
Week 15: Fascism and the Racial Community
This week will explore the emergence of the fascist idea of the state and the National Socialist racial community in the
aftermath of World War I and the Bolshevik Revolution.
Week 16: The Idea of Civilization
The concluding week of this course will broadly consider the trajectory of the idea of civilization as it developed in
European history from the beginning of the course to the cataclysms of the 20
th
century.