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课程详述
COURSE SPECIFICATION
以下课程信息可能根据实际授课需要或在课程检讨之后产生变动。如对课程有任何疑问，请
联系授课教师。
The course information as follows may be subject to change, either during the session because of unforeseen
circumstances, or following review of the course at the end of the session. Queries about the course should be directed
to the course instructor.
1.
课程名称 Course Title
外科学（二） Surgery II
2.
授课院系
Originating Department
医学院 School of Medicine
3.
课程编号
Course Code
MED412
4.
课程学分 Credit Value
3
5.
课程类别
Course Type
专业核心课/Major Core Courses
6.
授课学期
Semester
春季/Spring
7.
授课语言
Teaching Language
中英双语 English & Chinese
8.
授课教师、所属学系、联系方
式（如属团队授课，请列明其
他授课教师）
Instructor(s), Affiliation&
Contact
（For team teaching, please list
all instructors）
庄永青，南方科技大学第一附属医院，邮箱：Zhuangyq@sina.com
Yongqing Zhuang, 1st Affiliated Hospital of SUSTech, E-mail：Zhuangyq@sina.com
9.
实验员/助教、所属学系、联系
方式
Tutor/TA(s), Contact
王博，医学院，wangb7@sustech.edu.cn
Bo Wang, School of Medicine, wangb7@sustech.edu.cn
10.
选课人数限额(可不填)
Maximum Enrolment
（Optional）
2
11.
讲授
Lectures
习题/辅导/讨论
Tutorials
实验/实习
Lab/Practical
其它(见习)
Other（Internship）
总学时
Total
32
32
64
12.
先修课程、其它学习要求
Pre-requisites or Other
Academic Requirements
无/NA
13.
后续课程、其它学习规划
Courses for which this
course is a pre-requisite
待定/To be determined
14.
其它要求修读本课程的学系
Cross-listing Dept.
待定/To be determined
教学大纲及教学日历 SYLLABUS
15.
教学目标 Course Objectives
《外科学（二）》是各论教学。是在掌握外科学基础理论和手术学基本概念和外科基本技术操作的基础上，学习和掌握神
经外科、泌尿外科及骨科常见病的发病原因、发生发展规律、病理、临床表现、系统检查、诊断要点、鉴别诊断、预防和
治疗原则、手术适应证等外科学知识。
Surgery II is the teaching of various theories. On the basis of mastering the basic theory of surgery, the basic
concepts of surgery and the basic technical operation of surgery, students should learn and master the external
scientific knowledge such as the causes, occurrence and development laws, pathology, clinical manifestations,
systematic examination, key points of diagnosis, differential diagnosis, principles of prevention and treatment,
surgical indications and so on of common diseases in neurosurgery, urology and orthopedics.
16.
预达学习成果 Learning Outcomes
外科学各论的教学过程，包括课堂讲授、自学、见习和实习。讲授内容要理论联系实际，以常见病、多发病、地方病为重
点，贯彻预防为主的方针，适当介绍国内外医学新成就，要重视基础和临床的结合。对要“掌握”的内容，教师应讲深讲
透。学生应深入领会其基本知识或基本理论，以便运用于临床实践。对要“熟悉”的内容，应重点讲解，学生应在全面理
解其内容的基础上抓住重点。对“了解”的内容，可作概括讲解，学生对此有一般的认识。鉴于总学时有限，亦需加强学
生自学能力的培养，部分章节安排为自学内容，要求学生要认真学习，教师就自学内容予以辅导答疑。
The teaching process of surgical various theories, including classroom teaching, self-study, internship and
practice. The teaching content should integrate theory with practice, focus on common diseases, frequently
occurring diseases and endemic diseases, implement the policy of prevention first, appropriately introduce new
medical achievements at home and abroad, and pay attention to the combination of basic and clinical. Teachers
should explain deeply and thoroughly about the contents to be "mastered". Students should deeply understand
their basic knowledge or basic theory in order to apply it to clinical practice. The content to be "familiar" should
be explained with emphasis, and students should grasp the key points on the basis of a comprehensive
understanding of the content. The content of "understanding" can be generally explained, and students have a
general understanding of it. In view of the limited total class hours, it is also necessary to strengthen the
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cultivation of students' self-study ability. Some chapters are arranged as self-study contents, requiring students to
study carefully, and teachers give guidance and answer questions on the self-study contents.
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课程内容及教学日历 （如授课语言以英文为主，则课程内容介绍可以用英文；如团队教学或模块教学，教学日历须注明
主讲人）
Course Contents (in Parts/Chapters/Sections/Weeks. Please notify name of instructor for course section(s), if
this is a team teaching or module course.)
第一章 颅内压增高
【目标要求】
1．掌握颅内压增高及脑疝的临床表现。
2．掌握脑疝形成的机理及处理原则。
3．熟悉颅内压增高的生理、病理生理、病因、诊断和治疗原则。
4．了解颅内压增高的后果及颅内压增高的分类。
【教学内容】
颅内压增高的生理、病理生理、临床表现、诊断和治疗。脑疝形成机理、临床表现及处理原则。
见习内容：
病例示范：选择典型颅内压增高的病例，讨论诊断和治疗问题。
【重点难点】
颅内压增高的临床表现、诊断和治疗。脑疝形成机理、临床表现及处理原则。
Chapter 1 Increased Intracranial Pressure
[Target Requirement]
1. To master the clinical manifestations of increased intracranial pressure and cerebral hernia.
2. To master the mechanism and treatment principles of cerebral hernia.
3. Be familiar with the physiology, pathophysiology, etiology, diagnosis and treatment principles of increased intracranial
pressure.
4. To understand the consequences and classification of increased intracranial pressure.
[Teaching content]
Physiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of increased intracranial pressure.
Mechanism, clinical manifestations and treatment principles of cerebral hernia.
Apprenticeship content:
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Case demonstration: Select cases with typical increased intracranial pressure and discuss the diagnosis and treatment.
[Key and difficult points]
Clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of increased intracranial pressure. Mechanism, clinical manifestations
and treatment principles of cerebral hernia.
第二章 颅脑损伤
【目标要求】
1．掌握颅骨骨折的分类、临床表现及治疗原则。
2．掌握原发性脑损伤的发病机理、临床表现、诊断和治疗。
3．掌握各种颅内血肿的临床表现、鉴别诊断和治疗原则。
4．熟悉头皮损伤的诊断及处理方法。
5．熟悉颅脑损伤的分级及手术指征。
6．了解常用的手术方法及昏迷病人的护理、治疗。
【教学内容】
头皮损伤；颅骨骨折的类型、临床表现、诊断和治疗原则；原发性脑损伤的发病机理、临床表现及治疗；颅内血肿的临床
表现、诊断和治疗原则。
【自学内容】
开放性颅脑损伤，昏迷病人的护理及治疗，常用的手术方法，并发症的处理。
见习内容：
病例示范：选择几种不同类型的典型颅脑损伤病例，讨论诊断和治疗问题。
【重点难点】
头皮损伤；颅骨骨折的类型、临床表现、诊断和治疗原则；原发性脑损伤的临床表现及治疗；颅内血肿的临床表现、诊断
和治疗原则。
Chapter 2I Head Injury
[Target Requirement]
1. To master the classification, clinical manifestations and treatment principles of skull fracture.
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2. To master the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of primary brain injury.
3. To master the clinical manifestations, differential diagnosis and treatment principles of various intracranial
hematomas.
4. Be familiar with the diagnosis and treatment of scalp injury.
5. Be familiar with the grading of craniocerebral injury and surgery.
6. To understand the commonly used surgical methods and the nursing and treatment of coma patients.
[Teaching content]
Scalp injury; types, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment principles of skull fracture; pathogenesis, clinical
manifestations and treatment of primary brain injury; clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment principles of
intracranial hematoma.
[Self-study content]
Nursing care and treatment of patients with open craniocerebral injury and coma, commonly used surgical methods and
treatment of complications.
Apprenticeship content:
Case demonstration: Several different types of typical head injury cases were selected to discuss diagnostic and
therapeutic issues.
[Key and difficult points]
Scalp injury; types, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment principles of skull fracture; clinical manifestations
and treatment of primary brain injury; clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment principles of intracranial
hematoma.
第三章 颅内和椎管内肿瘤
【目标要求】
1．掌握颅内肿瘤和椎管内肿瘤的临床表现及治疗原则。
2．熟悉颅内肿瘤和椎管内肿瘤的分类，诊断和鉴别诊断。
3．了解几类不同性质的颅内肿瘤的特点。
【教学内容】
颅内肿瘤的分类、病理、临床表现、诊断和治疗原则，几种常见颅内肿瘤的特性。椎管内肿瘤的临床表现及治疗原则。
【自学内容】
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几类不同性质的颅内肿瘤的特点，颅内肿瘤的治疗方法，椎管内肿瘤的鉴别诊断。
见习内容：
病例示范，选择不同类型的典型颅内肿瘤病例讨论临床表现、诊断和治疗原则。
【重点难点】
颅内肿瘤的分类、临床表现、诊断和治疗原则。椎管内肿瘤的临床表现及治疗原则。
Chapter 3I Intracranial and Intraspinal Tumors
[Target Requirement]
1. To master the clinical manifestations and treatment principles of intracranial tumors and intraspinal tumors.
2. Be familiar with the classification, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of intracranial tumors and intraspinal tumors.
3. To understand the characteristics of several types of intracranial tumors of different nature.
[Teaching content]
Classification, pathology, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment principles of intracranial tumors, and
characteristics of several common intracranial tumors. Clinical manifestations and treatment principles of intraspinal
tumors.
[Self-study content]
The characteristics of several types of intracranial tumors of different nature, the treatment of intracranial tumors, and
the differential diagnosis of intraspinal tumors.
Apprenticeship content:
Case demonstration, selection of different types of typical intracranial tumor cases to discuss clinical manifestations,
diagnosis and treatment principles.
[Key and difficult points]
Classification, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment principles of intracranial tumors. Clinical manifestations
and treatment principles of intraspinal tumors.
第四章 颅内和椎管内血管性疾病
【目标要求】
1． 掌握自发性蛛网膜下腔出血的病因、临床表现。
2． 掌握颅内动脉瘤和动静脉畸形的临床表现、治疗原则。
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3． 了解自发性蛛网膜下腔出血的诊断方法与鉴别诊断；了解颈动脉海绵窦瘘的临床表现。
【教学内容】
1． 自发性蛛网膜下腔出血的病因、临床表现、诊断、治疗。
2． 颅内动脉瘤和颅内动静脉畸形的病因、临床表现、诊断、治疗。
3． 颈内动脉瘤、动静脉畸形的诊断方法，治疗方法，脑卒中的外科治疗。
【重点难点】
自发性蛛网膜下腔出血的病因、临床表现、诊断、治疗。颅内动脉瘤和颅内动静脉畸形的病因、临床表现、诊断、治疗。
Chapter 4 Intracranial and Intraspinal Vascular Diseases
[Target Requirement]
1. To master the etiology and clinical manifestations of spontaneous arachnoid hemorrhage.
2. To master the clinical manifestations and treatment principles of intracranial aneurysms and arteriovenous
malformations.
3. To understand the diagnostic methods and differential diagnosis of spontaneous arachnoid hemorrhage; to
understand the clinical manifestations of carotid cavernous fistula.
[Teaching content]
1. Etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of spontaneous arachnoid hemorrhage.
2. Etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of intracranial aneurysms and intracranial arteriovenous
malformations.
3. Diagnosis and treatment of internal carotid artery aneurysm and arteriovenous malformation, and surgical treatment
of stroke.
[Key and difficult points]
Etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of spontaneous arachnoid hemorrhage. Etiology, clinical
manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of intracranial aneurysms and intracranial arteriovenous malformations.
第五章 颅脑和脊髓先天性畸形
【目标要求】
了解几种常见的脑和脊髓先天性畸形的临床表现和治疗原则。
【自学内容】
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先天性脑积水、颅裂和脊柱裂、狭颅症、颅底陷入症的临床表现、诊断和治疗。
【重点难点】
几种常见的脑和脊髓先天性畸形的临床表现和治疗原则。
Chapter 5 Congenital Malformations of the Brain and Spinal Cord
[Target Requirement]
To understand the clinical manifestations and treatment principles of several common congenital malformations of the
brain and spinal cord.
[Self-study content]
Clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of congenital hydrocephalus, cranioschisis and spina bifida,
craniostenosis, basilar invagination.
[Key and difficult points]
Clinical presentation and therapeutic principles of several common congenital malformations of the brain and spinal
cord.
第六章 泌尿、男性生殖系统外科检查和诊断
【目标要求】
1．熟悉泌尿、男性生殖系外科疾病的常见症状特点及与各种疾病的关系。
2．了解泌尿、男性生殖系统常见的外科器械检查方法和临床意义。
【教学内容】
泌尿、男性生殖系统外科疾病的主要症状特点及与各种疾病的关系、泌尿外科的常用器械检查方法及临床意义。
【重点难点】
泌尿、男性生殖系统外科疾病的主要症状特点及与各种疾病的关系。
Chapter 6 Surgical Examination and Diagnosis of Urology and Male Reproductive System
[Target Requirement]
1. Be familiar with the common symptom characteristics of urinary and male reproductive system surgical diseases and
their relationship with various diseases.
2. To understand the common surgical device examination methods and clinical significance of urinary and male
reproductive systems.
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[Teaching content]
Main symptoms and characteristics of urinary and male reproductive system surgical diseases and their relationship
with various diseases, common device examination methods in urology and their clinical significance.
[Key and difficult points]
The main symptoms of surgical diseases of urinary and male reproductive system and their relationship with various
diseases.
第七章 泌尿、男性生殖系统畸形
【目标要求】
1．熟悉尿道下裂、隐睾、包茎和包皮过长的临床表现和治疗原则。
2．了解孤立肾、异位肾、蹄铁形肾、多囊肾、重复肾盂和输尿管、输尿管膨出、膀胱外翻等疾病的临床表现和治疗原
则。
【教学内容】
隐睾、尿道下裂、包茎和包皮过长的临床表现及治疗原则。
【自学内容】
胚胎期泌尿、男性生殖系器官的正常发育过程。各种先天性畸形的发生过程、症状和治疗原则。
【重点难点】
隐睾、尿道下裂、包茎和包皮过长的临床表现及治疗原则。
Chapter 7 Urinary and Male Reproductive System Malformations
[Target Requirement]
1. Be familiar with the clinical manifestations and treatment principles of hypospadias, cryptorchidism, phimosis and
redundant prepuce.
2. To understand the clinical manifestations and treatment principles of diseases such as solitary kidney, ectopic kidney,
hoof iron kidney, polycystic kidney disease, duplication of renal pelvis and ureter, ureterocele, and bladder eversion.
[Teaching content]
Clinical manifestations and treatment principles of cryptorchidism, hypospadias, phimosis, and redundant prepuce.
[Self-study content]
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The normal development process of the urinary and male reproductive system organs during the embryonic period. The
process, symptoms, and treatment principles of various congenital malformations.
[Key and difficult points]
Clinical manifestations and treatment principles of cryptorchidism, hypospadias, phimosis, and redundant prepuce.
第八章 泌尿系统损伤
【目标要求】
1．掌握肾损伤、尿道损伤的病因、病理、临床表现、诊断和治疗原则。
2．熟悉输尿管损伤和膀胱损伤的病理、临床表现、诊断和治疗。
【教学内容】
肾损伤、尿道损伤的病因、病理、临床表现、诊断及治疗。
【自学内容】
输尿管损伤及膀胱损伤的临床表现及治疗原则。
见习内容：
病例示范，选择典型的泌尿系损伤病例讨论临床表现和治疗原则。
【重点难点】
肾损伤、尿道损伤的病因、病理、临床表现、诊断和治疗原则。
Chapter 8I Urinary System Injury
[Target Requirement]
1. To master the etiology, pathology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment principles of renal injury and
urethral injury.
2. Be familiar with the pathology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of ureteral injury and bladder injury.
[Teaching content]
Etiology, pathology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of renal injury and urethral injury.
[Self-study content]
Clinical manifestations and treatment principles of ureteral injury and bladder injury.
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Apprenticeship content:
Case demonstration, selection of typical cases of urinary tract injury to discuss clinical manifestations and treatment
principles.
[Key and difficult points]
Etiology, pathology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment principles of renal injury and urethral injury.
第九章 泌尿、男性生殖系统感染
【目标要求】
1．掌握泌尿、男性生殖系感染的发病概况。
2．掌握慢性前列腺炎的症状、诊断和治疗。
3．熟悉急性肾盂肾炎、急性附睾炎的表现及治疗。
4．了解膀胱炎、尿道炎、肾周围炎的症状和治疗原则。
【教学内容】
泌尿、男性生殖系感染概论、急、慢性前列腺炎的症状、诊断和治疗。
【自学内容】
急性肾盂肾炎、肾周围炎、肾积脓、膀胱炎、尿道炎的临床表现、诊断和治疗，急、慢性附睾炎的诊断和治疗。
见习内容：
病例示范：选择典型泌尿系感染的病例讨论临床表现和治疗原则。
【重点难点】
急、慢性前列腺炎的症状、诊断和治疗。
Chapter 9 Urinary and Male Reproductive System Infections
[Target Requirement]
1. To master the incidence of urinary and male reproductive system infections.
2. To master the symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of chronic prostatitis.
3. Be familiar with the manifestations and treatment of acute pyelonephritis and acute epididymitis.
4. To understand the symptoms and treatment principles of cystitis, urethritis, and perirenal inflammation.
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[Teaching content]
Introduction of urological and male reproductive system infection, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of acute and
chronic prostatitis.
[Self-study content]
Clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of acute pyelonephritis, perirenal inflammation, pyonephrosis, cystitis,
urethritis, and diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic epididymitis.
Apprenticeship content:
Case demonstration: Select cases of typical urinary tract infection to discuss clinical manifestations and treatment
principles.
[Key and difficult points]
Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic prostatitis.
第十章 泌尿、男性生殖系统结核
【目标要求】
1．熟悉肾结核的临床表现、诊断及治疗方法。
2．了解前列腺结核、附睾结核的症状和治疗原则。
【教学内容】
肾结核的临床表现、诊断方法和治疗原则。
【自学内容】
前列腺结核、附睾结核的症状、诊断和治疗。
【重点难点】
肾结核的临床表现、诊断方法和治疗原则。
Chapter 10 Tuberculosis of the Urinary and Male Reproductive Systems
[Target Requirement]
1. Be familiar with the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of renal tuberculosis.
2. To understand the symptoms and treatment principles of prostatic tuberculosis and epididymal tuberculosis.
[Teaching content]
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Clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods and therapeutic principles of renal tuberculosis.
[Self-study content]
Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of prostatic tuberculosis and epididymal tuberculosis.
[Key and difficult points]
Clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods and therapeutic principles of renal tuberculosis.
第十一章 泌尿系统梗阻
【目标要求】
1．掌握肾积水的病因、病理、临床表现、诊断和治疗原则。
2．掌握良性前列腺增生的病因、病理、临床表现、诊断、鉴别诊断及治疗。
3．熟悉泌尿系梗阻的常见原因及处理原则。
4．熟悉急性尿潴留的常见原因及处理原则。
【教学内容】
泌尿系梗阻的概况、肾积水的诊断和治疗原则。良性前列腺增生的病因、病理、临床表现、诊断和鉴别诊断、治疗方法。
急性尿潴留的病因与治疗。
见习内容：
前列腺增生病例示范：讨论其临床表现、诊断与治疗原则。
【重点难点】
肾积水的病因、病理、临床表现、诊断和治疗原则。良性前列腺增生的病因、病理、临床表现、诊断、鉴别诊断及治疗。
Chapter 11 Urinary System Obstruction
[Target Requirement]
1. To master the etiology, pathology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment principles of hydronephrosis.
2. To master the etiology, pathology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of benign
prostatic hyperplasia.
3. Be familiar with the common causes and treatment principles of urinary tract obstruction.
4. Be familiar with the common causes and treatment principles of acute urinary retention.
14
[Teaching content]
Overview of urinary tract obstruction, diagnosis and treatment principles of hydronephrosis. Etiology, pathology, clinical
manifestations, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, and treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Etiology and
treatment of acute urinary retention.
Apprenticeship content:
Demonstration of cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia: discussion of its clinical manifestations, diagnosis and
treatment principles.
[Key and difficult points]
Etiology, pathology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment principles of hydronephrosis. Etiology, pathology,
clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.
第十二章 尿石症
【目标要求】
1．掌握肾结石、输尿管结石、膀胱结石、尿道结石的临床表现、诊断及治疗原则。
2．了解泌尿系结石的形成机制、结石成份及其性质、病理生理改变。
【教学内容】
泌尿系结石的形成机制，结石成份及其性质、病理生理。肾结石、输尿管结石、膀胱结石尿道结石的临床表现、诊断和治
疗原则。
见习内容：
病例示范：选择典型泌尿系结石的病例讨论临床表现和治疗原则。
【重点难点】
肾结石、输尿管结石、膀胱结石、尿道结石的临床表现、诊断及治疗原则。
Chapter 12 Urolithiasis
[Target Requirement]
1. To master the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment principles of renal calculi, ureteral calculi, bladder
calculi and urethral calculi.
2. To understand the formation mechanism, stone composition and its nature, pathophysiological changes of urinary
calculi.
15
[Teaching content]
Formation mechanism, composition, nature and pathophysiology of urinary calculi. Clinical manifestations, diagnosis
and treatment principles of renal calculi, ureteral calculi and bladder calculi.
Apprenticeship content:
Case demonstration: Select the cases of typical urinary calculi to discuss the clinical manifestations and treatment
principles.
[Key and difficult points]
Clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment principles of renal calculi, ureteral calculi, bladder calculi and urethral
calculi.
第十三章 泌尿、男性生殖系统肿瘤
【目标要求】
1．掌握肾癌、膀胱癌、阴茎癌的病理、临床表现、诊断和治疗。
2．了解睾丸、前列腺肿瘤的临床表现及治疗原则。
3．了解泌尿、生殖系肿瘤的发病概况。
【教学内容】
肾脏肿瘤、膀胱肿瘤、阴茎癌的病理、临床表现、诊断和治疗。
【自学内容】
睾丸、前列腺肿瘤的临床表现、诊断和治疗。
见习内容：
结合膀胱癌病例讨论其临床表现、诊断和治疗方法。
【重点难点】
肾癌、膀胱癌、阴茎癌的病理、临床表现、诊断和治疗。
Chapter 13 Urological and Male Reproductive System Tumors
[Target Requirement]
1. To master the pathology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of renal cancer, bladder cancer and penile
cancer.
16
2. To understand the clinical manifestations and treatment principles of testicular and prostate tumors.
3. To understand the incidence of urinary and reproductive system tumors.
[Teaching content]
Pathology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of renal tumors, bladder tumors, and penile cancer.
[Self-study content]
Clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of testicular and prostate tumors.
Apprenticeship content:
The clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment were discussed in combination with bladder cancer cases.
[Key and difficult points]
Pathology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of renal, bladder, and penile cancers.
第十四章 泌尿、男性生殖系统的其他疾病
【目标要求】
1．熟悉精索静脉曲张、鞘膜积液的临床表现、诊断、鉴别诊断和治疗。
2．了解肾下垂、肾血管性高血压的症状及治疗原则。
【教学内容】
精索静脉曲张、鞘膜积液的临床表现、诊断和治疗。
【自学内容】
肾下垂、肾血管性高血压的表现及治疗原则。
【重点难点】
精索静脉曲张、鞘膜积液的临床表现、诊断、鉴别诊断和治疗。
Chapter 14 Other Diseases of the Urological and Male Reproductive Systems
[Target Requirement]
1. Be familiar with the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of varicocele and
hydrocele.
2. To understand the symptoms and treatment principles of nephroptosis and renovascular hypertension.
17
[Teaching content]
Clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of varicocele and hydrocele.
[Self-study content]
Manifestations and treatment principles of nephroptosis and renovascular hypertension.
[Key and difficult points]
Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of varicocele and hydrocele.
第十五章 肾上腺疾病的外科治疗
【目标要求】
1．熟悉嗜铬细胞瘤的临床表现、诊断和治疗。
2．了解皮质醇症、原发性醛固酮增多症的临床表现、诊断和治疗原则。
【自学内容】
嗜铬细胞瘤、皮质醇症、原发性醛固酮增多症的临床表现、诊断及治疗原则。
见习内容：
病例示范：选择典型嗜镉细胞瘤病例讨论临床表现和治疗原则。
【重点难点】
嗜铬细胞瘤的临床表现、诊断和治疗。
Chapter 15 Surgical Treatment of Adrenal Diseases
[Target Requirement]
1. Be familiar with the clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of pheochromocytoma.
2. To understand the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment principles of cortisol and primary aldosteronism.
[Self-study content]
Clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment principles of pheochromocytoma, cortisol disease and primary
aldosteronism.
Apprenticeship content:
Case demonstration: Select typical cadmiophilic tumor cases to discuss clinical manifestations and treatment principles.
18
[Key and difficult points]
Clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of pheochromocytoma.
第十六章 男性性功能障碍、不育和节育
【目标要求】
1．熟悉男性性功能障碍的表现，男性不育的病因，男性节育的主要措施。
2．了解男性生殖生理、男性不育症的诊断、输精管结扎术。
【自学内容】
男性性功能障碍的表现、诊断与治疗；男性不育症的病因、诊断、治疗；男性节育的主要措施。
【重点难点】
男性性功能障碍的表现，男性不育的病因，男性节育的主要措施。
Chapter 16 Male Sexual Dysfunction, Infertility and Birth Control
[Target Requirement]
1. Be familiar with the manifestations of male sexual dysfunction, the etiology of male infertility, and the main measures
of male birth control.
2. To understand male reproductive physiology, diagnosis of male infertility, vasectomy.
[Self-study content]
Manifestation, diagnosis and treatment of male sexual dysfunction; etiology, diagnosis and treatment of male infertility;
main measures of male contraception.
[Key and difficult points]
Manifestations of male sexual dysfunction, etiology of male infertility, and main measures of male birth control.
第十七章 运动系统畸形
【目标要求】
1．了解先天性肌性斜颈、先天性髋关节脱位、先天性马蹄内翻足的临床表现、诊断和治疗。
2．了解脊柱侧凸、平足症、路线外翻的临床表现及治疗。
19
【自学内容】
几种常见的先天性运动系统畸形和姿态性畸形的临床表现及治疗原则。
【重点难点】
几种常见的先天性运动系统畸形和姿态性畸形的临床表现及治疗原则。
Chapter 17 Motor System Deformities
[Target Requirement]
1. To understand the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of congenital muscular torticollis, congenital
dislocation of the hip, and congenital talipes equinovarus.
2. To understand the clinical manifestations and treatment of scoliosis, flatfoot, and line valgus.
[Self-study content]
Clinical manifestations and treatment principles of several common congenital motor system malformations and postural
malformations.
[Key and difficult points]
Clinical manifestations and treatment principles of several common congenital motor system malformations and postural
malformations.
第十八章 骨折概论
【目标要求】
1. 掌握骨折的定义、成因、分类及常见的骨折段的移位。
2．掌握骨折的临床表现及常见的并发症。
3．掌握骨折的急救和治疗原则。
4．熟悉骨折的愈合过程及影响愈合的因素。
5．熟悉开放性骨折与开放性关节损伤的临床表现及处理原则。
6．了解常用的手法复位的基本要求及固定操作方法(小夹板、牵引、石膏)，了解骨折延迟愈合、不愈合和畸形愈合的的
处理原则；了解骨筋膜室综合征的概念、成因、临床表现及处理原则。
【教学内容】
20
骨折的定义、成因、分类、骨折段移位、临床表现、诊断、并发症、急救及处理原则。骨折的愈合过程及影响愈合因素。
开放性骨折的处理原则。
【自学内容】
常用的手法复位的基本要求及固定的操作方法。骨折延迟愈合、不愈合和畸形愈合的处理原则。骨筋膜室综合征的概念、
病理、临床表现及处理原则。
见习内容：
典型病例及 X线片示范，介绍典型骨折的临床表现、诊断及处理方法。常用治疗方法如手法复位、固定(小夹板、石膏绷
带、牵引)的操作示范。
【重点难点】
骨折的定义、成因、分类、骨折段移位、临床表现、诊断、并发症、急救及处理原则。骨折的愈合过程及影响愈合因素。
开放性骨折的处理原则。
Chapter 18 Introduction to Fractures
[Target Requirement]
1. To master the definition, causes, classification of fractures and the displacement of common fracture segments.
2. To master the clinical manifestations and common complications of fractures.
3. To master the principles of first aid and treatment of fractures.
4. Be familiar with the healing process of fracture and the factors affecting healing.
5. Be familiar with the clinical manifestations and treatment principles of open fracture and open joint injury.
6. To understand the basic requirements of commonly used manual reduction and fixation operation methods (small
splint, traction, plaster), to understand the treatment principles of delayed union, nonunion and malunion of fractures; to
understand the concept, causes, clinical manifestations and treatment principles of compartment syndrome.
[Teaching content]
Definition, causes, classification, displacement of fracture segment, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, complications,
first aid and treatment principles of fracture. The healing process of fracture and the influencing factors. Principles for
the management of open fractures.
[Self-study content]
The basic requirements of commonly used manual reduction and the operation method of fixation. Treatment principles
for delayed union, nonunion and malunion of fracture. Concept, pathology, clinical manifestation and management of
compartment syndrome.
Apprenticeship content:
21
Typical cases and X-ray demonstration, the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of typical fractures are
introduced. Commonly used treatment methods such as manual reduction, fixation (small splints, plaster bandages,
traction) operation demonstration.
[Key and difficult points]
Definition, causes, classification, displacement of fracture segment, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, complications,
first aid and treatment principles of fracture. The healing process of fracture and the influencing factors. Principles for
the management of open fractures.
第十九章 上肢骨、关节损伤
【目标要求】
1．掌握锁骨骨折，肩锁关节脱位、肩关节脱位、肱骨髁上骨折、肘关节脱位、前臂双骨折、桡骨下端骨折的临床表现、
诊断和治疗。
2．熟悉肱骨外科颈骨折、肱骨干骨折、桡骨头半脱位的临床表现、诊断和治疗。
【教学内容】
锁骨骨折、肩锁关节脱位、肩关节脱位、肱骨各型骨折、肘关节脱位、桡骨头半脱位、前臂双骨折、桡骨下端骨折的临床
表现、诊断和治疗。
见习内容：
结合 X线片进行典型病例示范：介绍常见上肢骨、关节损伤的临床表现、诊断和治疗方法。
【重点难点】
锁骨骨折、肩锁关节脱位、肩关节脱位、肱骨各型骨折、肘关节脱位、桡骨头半脱位、前臂双骨折、桡骨下端骨折的临床
表现、诊断和治疗。
Chapter 19 Upper Limb Bone and Joint Injuries
[Target Requirement]
1. To master the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of clavicle fracture, acromioclavicular joint dislocation,
shoulder dislocation, supracondylar fracture of humerus, elbow dislocation, double fracture of forearm and fracture of
lower end of radius.
2. Be familiar with the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of surgical neck fracture of humerus, humeral
shaft fracture and radial head subluxation.
[Teaching content]
22
Clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of clavicle fracture, acromioclavicular joint dislocation, shoulder
dislocation, various types of humerus fractures, elbow dislocation, radial head subluxation, double forearm fracture and
lower radius fracture.
Apprenticeship content:
Typical case demonstration was performed in combination with X lug: the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and
treatment of common upper limb bone and joint injuries were introduced.
[Key and difficult points]
Clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of clavicle fracture, acromioclavicular joint dislocation, shoulder
dislocation, various types of humerus fractures, elbow dislocation, radial head subluxation, double forearm fracture and
lower radius fracture.
第二十章 手外伤及断肢（指）再植
【目标要求】
1．掌握手外伤的处理原则。断肢再植的适应征。
2．熟悉手外伤的检查和诊断方法。断肢再植的手术原则及术后处理原则。
3．了解断肢再植的概况、断肢的急救。
【教学内容】
1． 手部应用解剖，手外伤的检查与诊断，现场急救、治疗原则。
2． 断肢的急救、断肢再植的适应征、手术原则、术后处理。
【重点难点】
手部应用解剖，手外伤的检查与诊断，现场急救、治疗原则。
Chapter 20 Hand Trauma and Replantation of Broken Limbs (Fingers)
[Target Requirement]
1. To master the treatment principles of hand injury. Indications for replantation of severed limbs.
2. Be familiar with the examination and diagnosis methods of hand trauma. Surgical principles and postoperative
management principles of replantation of severed limbs.
3. To understand the general situation of replantation of severed limbs and the first aid of severed limbs.
[Teaching content]
23
1. Applied anatomy of the hand, examination and diagnosis of hand trauma, on-site first aid, and treatment principles.
2. First aid for severed limbs, indications for replantation of severed limbs, surgical principles, and postoperative
management.
[Key and difficult points]
Applied anatomy of the hand, examination and diagnosis of hand trauma, on-site first aid, and treatment principles.
第二十一章 下肢骨、关节损伤
【目标要求】
1．掌握髋关节脱位、股骨颈骨折、股骨干骨折、胫腓骨骨折的病因、分类、临床表现、诊断及治疗。
2．熟悉股骨转子间骨折、髌骨骨折、膝关节半月板损伤的临床表现、诊断和治疗。
3．了解膝关节韧带损伤、跟腱断裂、踝关节损伤、跟骨骨折、足部骨折的临床表现、诊断和治疗。
【教学内容】
1．股骨颈骨折、股骨转子间骨折、股骨干骨折及胫腓骨骨折的病因、移位特点、临床表现、诊断和治疗。
2．髌骨骨折、半月板损伤的病因、临床表现及治疗原则。
【自学内容】
膝关节韧带损伤、踝关节损伤、跟骨骨折、跟腱断裂、足部骨折的病因、临床表现及治疗原则
见习内容：
典型病例示范：结合 X片介绍常见下肢骨折及关节损伤的病因、X 线表现、诊断及治疗。
【重点难点】
股骨颈骨折、股骨转子间骨折、股骨干骨折及胫腓骨骨折的病因、移位特点、临床表现、诊断和治疗。
Chapter 21 Bone and joint injuries of the lower limbs
[Target Requirement]
1. To master the etiology, classification, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of hip dislocation, femoral neck
fracture, femoral shaft fracture and tibiofibula fracture.
2. Be familiar with the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of intertrochanteric fractures, patellar fractures
and knee meniscus injuries.
3. To understand the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of knee ligament injury, Achilles tendon rupture,
ankle injury, calcaneal fracture, and foot fracture.
24
[Teaching content]
1. Etiology, displacement characteristics, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of femoral neck fracture,
intertrochanteric fracture, femoral shaft fracture and tibiofibula fracture.
2. Etiology, clinical manifestations and treatment principles of patellar fracture and meniscus injury.
[Self-study content]
Etiology, clinical manifestations and treatment principles of knee ligament injury, ankle joint injury, calcaneal fracture,
Achilles tendon rupture and foot fracture
Apprenticeship content:
Typical case demonstration: The etiology, X-ray findings, diagnosis and treatment of common lower limb fractures and
joint injuries are introduced in combination with radiographs.
[Key and difficult points]
Etiology, displacement characteristics, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of femoral neck fracture,
intertrochanteric fracture, femoral shaft fracture and tibiofibula fracture.
第二十二章 脊柱、脊髓损伤
【目标要求】
1．掌握脊柱骨折分类、临床表现、诊断、急救和治疗原则。
2．掌握脊髓损伤病理、临床表现、诊断和治疗原则。
3．复习脊柱的解剖概要。
【教学内容】
脊柱骨折分类、临床表现、诊断、急救和治疗、脊髓损伤病理、临床表现、诊断和治疗。
见习内容：
病例示范：选择典型脊柱的病例讨论临床表现和治疗原则。
【重点难点】
脊柱骨折分类、临床表现、诊断、急救和治疗、脊髓损伤病理、临床表现、诊断和治疗。
Chapter 22 Spinal and Spinal Cord Injury
[Target Requirement]
25
1. To master the classification, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, first aid and treatment principles of spinal fractures.
2. To master the pathology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment principles of spinal cord injury.
3. To review the anatomic outline of the spine.
[Teaching content]
Classification, clinical manifestation, diagnosis, first aid and treatment of spinal fracture, pathology, clinical
manifestation, diagnosis and treatment of spinal cord injury.
Apprenticeship content:
Case demonstration: Select cases of typical spine to discuss clinical manifestations and treatment principles.
[Key and difficult points]
Classification, clinical manifestation, diagnosis, first aid and treatment of spinal fracture, pathology, clinical
manifestation, diagnosis and treatment of spinal cord injury.
第二十三章 骨盆、髋臼骨折
【目标要求】
1．掌握骨盆骨折分类、诊断、并发症及治疗。
2．熟悉髋臼骨折分型及治疗。
【教学内容】
骨盆骨折的分类、临床表现、诊断、并发症和处理。
髋臼骨折分型及治疗。
见习内容：
病例示范：选择典型骨盆骨折的病例讨论临床表现和治疗原则。
【重点难点】
骨盆骨折分类、临床表现、诊断和治疗；髋臼骨折分型和治疗。
Chapter 23 Pelvic and Acetabular Fractures
[Target Requirement]
1. To master the classification, diagnosis, complications and treatment of pelvic fracture.
26
2. Be familiar with the classification and treatment of acetabular fractures.
[Teaching content]
Classification, clinical presentation, diagnosis, complications, and management of pelvic fractures.
Classification and treatment of acetabular fractures.
Apprenticeship content:
Case demonstration: Select cases of typical pelvic fractures to discuss clinical manifestations and treatment principles.
[Key and difficult points]
Classification, clinical manifestation, diagnosis and treatment of pelvic fractures; classification and treatment of
acetabular fractures.
第二十四章 周围神经损伤
【目标要求】
了解常见的周围神经损伤的临床表现、诊断及治疗原则。
【自学内容】
常见的周围神经损伤的临床表现、诊断与治疗。
【重点难点】
常见的周围神经损伤的临床表现、诊断及治疗原则。
Chapter 24 Peripheral Nerve Injury
[Target Requirement]
To understand the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment principles of common peripheral nerve injury.
[Self-study content]
Clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of common peripheral nerve injury.
[Key and difficult points]
Clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment principles of common peripheral nerve injury.
第二十五章 运动系统慢性损伤
27
【目标要求】
1．了解运动系统慢性损伤的分类、临床特点及治疗原则。
2．了解慢性软组织损伤、慢性骨损伤、慢性软骨损伤的常见类型、临床表现、诊断及处理原则。
【自学内容】
运动系统慢性损伤的分类、临床特点和治疗原则。常见的几种慢性损伤的临床表现、诊断和治疗。
见习内容：
病例示范：选择常见的几种慢性运动系统损伤的病例讨论临床表现和治疗原则。
【重点难点】
运动系统慢性损伤的分类、临床特点和治疗原则。
Chapter 25 Chronic Injury to the Motor System
[Target Requirement]
1. To understand the classification, clinical characteristics and treatment principles of chronic injuries of the motor
system.
2. To understand the common types, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment principles of chronic soft tissue
injury, chronic bone injury and chronic cartilage injury.
[Self-study content]
Classification, clinical characteristics and therapeutic principles of chronic injuries of the motor system. Clinical
presentation, diagnosis and treatment of several common chronic injuries.
Apprenticeship content:
Case demonstration: Select cases of several common chronic motor system injuries to discuss clinical presentation and
treatment principles.
[Key and difficult points]
Classification, clinical characteristics and therapeutic principles of chronic injuries of the motor system.
第二十六章 股骨头坏死
【目标要求】
1．掌握股骨头坏死的临床表现、诊断和治疗原则。
28
2．熟悉股骨头坏死的病因及分类、病理。
【教学内容】
股骨头坏死的病因、病理、临床表现、诊断和治疗。
病例示范：选择典型股骨头坏死病例讨论临床表现和治疗原则。
【重点难点】
股骨头坏死的临床表现、诊断、鉴别诊断和治疗原则。
Chapter 26 Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head
[Target Requirement]
1. To master the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment principles of osteonecrosis of the femoral head.
2. Be familiar with the etiology, classification and pathology of osteonecrosis of the femoral head.
[Teaching content]
Etiology, pathology, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head.
Case demonstration: Select typical cases of osteonecrosis of the femoral head to discuss the clinical manifestations and
treatment principles.
[Key and difficult points]
Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment principles of osteonecrosis of the femoral head.
第二十七章 颈、腰椎退行性疾病
【目标要求】
1．掌握腰椎间盘突出症及颈椎病、胸椎间盘突出症的临床表现、诊断、鉴别诊断和治疗原则。
2．熟悉腰椎间盘突出症和颈椎病、胸椎间盘突出症的病因、分型及病理。
3．复习脊柱的解剖生理概要。
【教学内容】
腰椎间盘突出症和颈椎病、胸椎间盘突出症的病因、病理、临床表现、诊断、鉴别诊断和治疗原则。
病例示范：选择典型颈椎病及腰椎间盘突出症病例讨论临床表现和治疗原则。
【重点难点】
29
腰椎间盘突出症和颈椎病、胸椎间盘突出症的临床表现、诊断、鉴别诊断和治疗原则。
Chapter 27 Cervical and Lumbar Degenerative Diseases
[Target Requirement]
1. To master the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment principles of lumbar disc
herniation, cervical spondylosis and thoracic disc herniation.
2. Be familiar with the etiology, classification and pathology of lumbar disc herniation, cervical spondylosis and thoracic
disc herniation.
3. To review the anatomic and physiological outline of the spine.
[Teaching content]
Etiology, pathology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment principles of lumbar disc
herniation, cervical spondylosis and thoracic disc herniation.
Case demonstration: Select typical cases of cervical spondylosis and lumbar disc herniation to discuss the clinical
manifestations and treatment principles.
[Key and difficult points]
Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment principles of lumbar disc herniation, cervical
spondylosis and thoracic disc herniation.
第二十八章 骨与关节化脓性感染
【目标要求】
1．掌握骨与关节急性化脓性感染的发病机理、临床表现、早期诊断及治疗原则。
2．熟悉慢性化脓性骨髓炎的病理、临床表现及治疗。
3．了解局限性骨脓肿、硬化性骨髓炎、创伤后骨髓炎的诊断与治疗原则。
【教学内容】
骨与关节急性化脓性感染的临床表现、诊断和治疗。慢性骨髓炎的临床表现、诊断和治疗原则。
【自学内容】
局限性骨脓肿、硬化性骨髓炎、创伤后骨髓炎的诊断和治疗原则。
【重点难点】
骨与关节急性化脓性感染的临床表现、诊断和治疗。
30
Chapter 28 Suppurative Infection of Bone and Joint
[Target Requirement]
1. To master the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, early diagnosis and treatment principles of acute suppurative
infection of bone and joint.
2. Be familiar with the pathology, clinical manifestations and treatment of chronic suppurative osteomyelitis.
3. To understand the diagnosis and treatment principles of localized bone abscess, sclerosing osteomyelitis, and post-
traumatic osteomyelitis.
[Teaching content]
Clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of acute suppurative infection of bone and joint. Clinical manifestations,
diagnosis and treatment principles of chronic osteomyelitis.
[Self-study content]
Diagnosis and treatment principles of localized bone abscess, sclerosing osteomyelitis, and post-traumatic
osteomyelitis.
[Key and difficult points]
Clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of acute suppurative infection of bone and joint.
第二十九章 骨与关节结核
【目标要求】
1．掌握骨与关节结核的病理、临床表现、诊断、鉴别诊断及治疗原则。
2．熟悉脊柱结核、髋关节结核、膝关节结核的临床表现、诊断和治疗。
【教学内容】
骨与关节结核概论：病因、病理、临床表现、诊断和治疗原则。脊柱结核、 髋关节结核、膝关节结核的临床表现、诊断
和治疗。
典型病例示范：结合 X片介绍常见骨与关节结核的病理、临床表现、诊断与治疗。
【重点难点】
骨与关节结核的病理、临床表现、诊断、鉴别诊断及治疗原则。
Chapter 29 Bone and Joint Tuberculosis
[Target Requirement]
31
1. To master the pathology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment principles of bone
and joint tuberculosis.
2. Be familiar with the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of spinal tuberculosis, hip tuberculosis and knee
tuberculosis.
[Teaching content]
Introduction to tuberculosis of bone and joint: etiology, pathology, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment
principles. Clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of spinal tuberculosis, hip tuberculosis and knee
tuberculosis.
Typical case demonstration: The pathology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of common bone and joint
tuberculosis are introduced in combination with radiographs.
[Key and difficult points]
Pathology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment principles of bone and joint
tuberculosis.
第三十章 非化脓性关节炎
【目标要求】
了解骨关节炎、强直性脊柱炎、类风湿性关节炎、大骨节病、松毛虫性骨关节炎的临床表现、诊断和治疗原则。
【自学内容】
骨关节炎、强直性脊柱炎、类风湿性关节炎、大骨节病、松毛虫性骨关节炎的病因、病理、临床表现、诊断和治疗。
【重点难点】
非化脓性关节炎的临床表现、诊断和治疗原则。
Chapter 30 Non-septic Arthritis
[Target Requirement]
To understand the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment principles of osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis,
rheumatoid arthritis, Kashin-Beck disease, and pine caterpillar osteoarthritis.
[Self-study content]
Etiology, pathology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid
arthritis, Kashin-Beck disease, and pine caterpillar osteoarthritis.
[Key and difficult points]
32
Clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment principles of non-septic arthritis.
第三十一章 骨肿瘤
【目标要求】
1．掌握骨肿瘤的分类、良、恶性肿瘤的鉴别、临床表现、诊断和治疗原则。
2．熟悉骨巨细胞瘤、骨肉瘤的临床表现、诊断及治疗。
3．了解骨良性肿瘤、软骨肉瘤、转移性骨肿瘤等的临床表现、诊断和治疗。
【教学内容】
骨肿瘤概论：分类、良、恶性肿瘤区别、临床表现及治疗原则。骨软骨瘤、骨巨细胞瘤、胃瘤的临床表现、诊断和治疗。
【自学内容】
骨良性肿瘤、软骨肉瘤、转移性骨肿瘤的临床表现、诊断和治疗。
示范典型病例，结合 X线片了解常见骨肿瘤的临床表现、诊断和治疗方法。
【重点难点】
骨肿瘤分类、良、恶性肿瘤区别、临床表现及治疗原则。
Chapter 31 Bone Tumor
[Target Requirement]
1. To master the classification of bone tumors, differentiation of benign and malignant tumors, clinical manifestations,
diagnosis and treatment principles.
2. Be familiar with the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of giant cell tumor of bone and osteosarcoma.
3. To understand the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of benign bone tumors, chondrosarcoma, and
metastatic bone tumors.
[Teaching content]
Introduction to bone tumors: classification, differentiation between benign and malignant tumors, clinical manifestations,
and treatment principles. Clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of osteochondroma, giant cell tumor of bone
and gastric tumor.
[Self-study content]
Clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of benign bone tumors, chondrosarcoma and metastatic bone tumors.
33
Demonstrate typical cases and understand the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of common bone tumors
in combination with X.
[Key and difficult points]
Classification of bone tumors, differentiation between benign and malignant tumors, clinical manifestations and
treatment principles.
章节
Section
教学内容
Teaching Contents
总学时
Lecture
Hours
教学方法
Teaching Methods
讲授
Lecture
实践
Surgical trainee
1
颅内压增高和脑疝
Increased intracranial pressure and cerebral hernia
4
2
2
2
颅脑损伤
Craniocerebral injury
4
2
2
3
颅内和椎管内肿瘤、血管性疾病、先天性畸形
Intracranial and intraspinal neoplasms, vascular
disorders, congenital malformations
4
2
2
4
泌尿、男生殖系统外科检查和诊断，泌尿、男生殖系
统先天性畸形
Surgical examination and diagnosis of urinary system
and male reproductive system, congenital
malformation of urinary system and male reproductive
system
4
2
2
5
泌尿系统损伤，泌尿、男性生殖系统感染
Urinary system injury, urinary and male reproductive
system infection
4
2
2
6
泌尿、男生殖系统结核,肾上腺疾病的外科治疗
Surgical treatment of urinary and male reproductive
system tuberculosis and adrenal diseases
4
2
2
7
泌尿系统梗阻,尿石症
Urinary obstruction, urolithiasis
4
2
2
8
泌尿、男生殖系统肿瘤
Urologic and male reproductive system tumors
4
2
2
34
9
泌尿、男生殖系统的其他疾病,男性性功能障碍，不育
节育，腔内泌外
Other diseases of urinary and male reproductive
system, male sexual dysfunction, infertility and birth
control, intraluminal and extraluminal lactation
4
2
2
10
骨折概论，上肢骨、关节损伤
Overview of fractures, injuries to bones, joints of
upper limb
4
2
2
11
下肢骨、关节损伤，骨盆骨折
Bone and joint injury of lower limb, pelvic fracture
4
2
2
12
颈、腰椎退行性疾病
Degenerative diseases of cervical and lumbar spine
4
2
2
13
手外伤及断肢（指）再植、周围神经损伤
Hand trauma and replantation of severed limb
(finger), peripheral nerve injury
4
2
2
14
运动系统畸形、运动系统慢性损伤
Motor system deformity, chronic injury of motor
system
4
2
2
15
骨肿瘤，骨与关节化脓性感染、非化脓性关节炎，股
骨头坏死
Bone tumor, pyogenic infection of bone and joint,
non-septic arthritis, osteonecrosis of femoral head
4
2
2
16
脊柱骨折，脊髓损伤，骨与关节结核，手外伤及断肢
（指）再植、周围神经损伤
Spinal fracture, spinal cord injury, bone and joint
tuberculosis, hand injury and replantation of severed
limb (finger), peripheral nerve injury
4
2
2
18.教材及其它参考资料 Textbook and Supplementary Readings
教材：外科学，第 9版，陈孝平、汪建平、赵继宗主编.人民卫生出版社.2018 年 8 月
参考资料：
1、黄家驷外科学，第 8 版，吴孟超、吴在德主编.人民卫生出版社.2020 年 12 月
2、作者：（美国）RobertM.Zollinger（美国）Jr.E.ChristopherEllison，译者：周汉新：《佐林格外科手术图谱（第 9
版）》，人民卫生出版社，2004 年
35
课程评估 ASSESSMENT
19.
评估形式
Type of
Assessment
评估时间
Time
占考试总成绩百分比
% of final
score
违纪处罚
Penalty
备注
Notes
出勤 Attendance
10
课堂表现
Class
Performance
小测验
Quiz
课程项目 Projects
平时作业
Assignments
30
期中考试
Mid-Term Test
期末考试
Final Exam
60
期末报告
Final
Presentation
其它（可根据需要
改写以上评估方
式）
Others (The
above may be
modified as
necessary)
20.
记分方式 GRADING SYSTEM
A. 十三级等级制 Letter Grading
B. 二级记分制（通过/不通过） Pass/Fail Grading
课程审批 REVIEW AND APPROVAL
21.
本课程设置已经过以下责任人/委员会审议通过
This Course has been approved by the following person or committee of authority
本课程已经医学院教学副院长张文勇教授审核通过。