宫颈及分泌物、输卵管、阴道细胞的周期性变化。月经周期的调节机理,下丘脑-垂体-卵巢的神经内分泌轴对月经周期
的调节机理。
Anatomical structure and function, angiolymphatic and nerve distribution of female internal and external reproductive
organs; pelvic structure and type, pelvic floor structure; follicular development and maturation, ovulation, corpus luteum
formation, corpus luteum atrophy, synthesis of sex hormones (estrogen, pregnancy, androgen). The physiological
effects of estrogen, progesterone, and androgens, and periodic changes in reproductive organs, endometrium, cervix
and secretions, fallopian tubes, and vaginal cells. Regulation mechanism of menstrual cycle, and regulation mechanism
of hypothalamus-pituitary-ovarian neuroendocrine axis on menstrual cycle.
2.妊娠生理 Physiolgy of Pregnancy
受精及受精卵发育、输送与着床。胚胎、胎儿发育特点及胎儿生理特点。胎儿附属物的形成及其功能。妊娠期母体变化。
The fertilization and the development, transportation and implantation of zygote. The developmental characteristics of
embryo and fetus and physiological characteristics of fetus. Formation and function of fetal appendages. Maternal
changes during pregnancy.
3.妊娠诊断 Diagnosis of Pregnancy
症状和体征:停经、早孕反应,子宫变化,乳房变化,下生殖道变化,妊娠试验,超声检查,胎动,宫底高度,胎心,胎
方位及胎先露。
Signs and symptoms: amenorrhea, morning sickness, uterine changes, breast changes, lower-reproductive-tract
changes, pregnancy tests, sonographic recognition of pregnancy, fetal movement, fundal height, fetal heart rate, fetal
position, fetal presentation.
4.产前保健 Prenatal Care
产检记录。询问病史,体格检查,计算预产期,辅助检查,复诊评估内容,胎儿监护的技术。
Prenatal record. Previous and current health status, physical examination, the expected date of childbirth, laboratory
tests, prenatal surveillance in return visit, techniques of fetal monitoring.
5.正常分娩 Labor and Delivery
定义。分娩动因,母胎激素分泌和前列腺素分泌的作用。决定分娩的因素:四大因素。产程:产程观察与处置。分娩的准
备,枕先露分娩机制,分娩镇痛。
Definition. The role of the causes of parturition, secretion of maternal-fetal hormones, and secretion of prostaglandins.
Factors determining delivery: four major factors. Labor: observation and treatment of labor. Preparation for delivery,
mechanism of delivery with occipital presentation, labor analgesia.
6.过期妊娠 Postterm Pregnancy
评估孕周、诊断,定义和发病率,母儿患病率、合并症,病理与发病机制,处置和治疗。
To evaluate the gestational age and diagnosis, definition and incidence, maternal and fetal morbidity, comorbidities,
pathology and pathogenesis, management and treatment.
7.妊娠期高血压疾病 Hypertensive Disorder Complicating Pregnancy
定义,病因,病理生理,临床表现及分类(妊娠期高血压、子痫前期,子痫前期严重状态即重度子痫前期,妊娠合并慢性
高血压,慢性高血压并发子痫前期,子痫),诊断、治疗,HELLP 综合征。