1
课程详述
COURSE SPECIFICATION
以下课程信息可能根据实际授课需要或在课程检讨之后产生变动。如对课程有任何疑问，请联
系授课教师。
The course information as follows may be subject to change, either during the session because of unforeseen
circumstances, or following review of the course at the end of the session. Queries about the course should be
directed to the course instructor.
1.
课程名称 Course Title
解剖学导论，Introduction to Anatomy
2.
授课院系
Originating Department
医学院，School of Medicine
3.
课程编号
Course Code
MED303
4.
课程学分 Credit Value
3
5.
课程类别
Course Type
专业选修课 Major Elective Courses
6.
授课学期
Semester
春季 Spring
7.
授课语言
Teaching Language
中英双语 English & Chinese
8.
授课教师、所属学系、联系方
式（如属团队授课，请列明其
他授课教师）
Instructor(s), Affiliation&
Contact
（For team teaching, please list
all instructors）
秦建强教授
南方医科大学基础医学院
广州市沙太南路 1023 号生命科学楼人体解剖学教研室
Tel (电话): (020)6164-8635
Email: jqqin@fimmu.com
Prof. QIN Jianqiang
School of basic medicine, Southern Medical University
No. 1023 Sha Tai Nan Road, Guangzhou
9.
实验员/助教、所属学系、联系
方式
Tutor/TA(s), Contact
10.
选课人数限额(可不填)
Maximum Enrolment
（Optional）
2
授课方式
Delivery Method
习题/辅导/讨论
Tutorials
实验/实习
Lab/Practical
其它(请具体注明)
Other（Please specify）
总学时
Total
11.
学时数
Credit Hours
0
32
3 学 分 （1-16 周 ）， 理论
课与实验 课均在教学 实验
室授课。
3 credits (1-16 weeks).
Both theoretical and
experimental courses are
taught in teaching lab.
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12.
先修课程、其它学习要求
Pre-requisites or Other
Academic Requirements
无 None
13.
后续课程、其它学习规划
Courses for which this course
is a pre-requisite
无 None
14.
其它要求修读本课程的学系
Cross-listing Dept.
无 None
教学大纲及教学日历 SYLLABUS
15.
教学目标 Course Objectives
1. 掌握人体解剖学基础理论与基本知识：对人体结构有系统全面的认识，了解、熟悉和掌握人体各器官系统的正常形
态结构、位置毗邻、生长发育规律及其功能意义。只有了解了宏观解剖学结构才能深入了解微观的组织学结构；只有在掌
握人体正常形态结构的基础上，才能正确区分人体的正常与异常，鉴别生理与病理状态，才能正确理解人体的正常生长发
育和疾病的发生与发展过程。Grasp the basic theory and basic knowledge of human anatomy. Students can have a
systematic and comprehensive understanding of human structure. Students can understand, familiarize with and master
the normal morphological structure, adjacent position, growth and development law and its functional significance of
human organ system. Only by understanding the macro-anatomical structure can we have a deep understanding of the
micro histology. Only on the basis of mastering the normal morphological structure of the human body, can we correctly
distinguish the normal and abnormal human body, distinguish the physiological and pathological state, correctly
understand the normal growth and development of the human body as well as the occurrence and development of
diseases.
2. 掌握人体解剖学相关的基本技能：学会从不同的角度观察解剖学标本和模型，并能辨认重要的解剖学结构，从平面
的图谱和照片建立立体的形态结构概念；能使用解剖学方位术语正确地描述人体结构位置，并能通过语言、文字、拍摄照
片及绘图对所观察到的人体解剖结构特点进行正确的描绘或描述。. Master basic skills related to human anatomy. Learn
to observe anatomical specimens and models from different angles. Recognize important anatomical structures.
Establish stereoscopic concepts of morphological structures from planar spectra and photographs. Accurately describe
the position of human structures using anatomical location terms. Correctly depict or describe the observed anatomical
features of the human body and through language and text, photographs and drawings.
3. 掌握相应的中、英文解剖学专业词汇：医学中的大量名词、术语均来源于解剖学，具备一定量的中、英文解剖学专
业词汇，能较流利的阅读英文版的解剖学书籍和其他它医学书籍。Master the corresponding anatomy vocabulary of
Chinese and English. A large number of nouns and terms in medicine are derived from anatomy. Students have a certain
number of Chinese and English anatomy vocabulary will be helpful for reading anatomy books in English version and
helpful for fluently reading other medical books.
4. 以四个基本观点（形态与功能相关、局部与整体统一，理论与实践相结合，以及进化发展的观点）贯穿学习的始
终，培养学生严肃的科学态度、严格的科学作风和严密的科学方法，注重学生智能的培养。Four basic viewpoints (shape
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and related function, part and whole unification, theory and practice combination, the viewpoint of evolution and
development) are used throughout the learning process to cultivate students' scientific attitude, strict scientific style and
rigorous scientific methods. It will focus on the attention to the cultivation of students' intelligence.
16.
预达学习成果 Learning Outcomes
通过课堂讲授、实验课观察大体解剖学标本和模型、自习课观看解剖学标本照片、彩色图谱、多媒体库、VR 和教学录像
等， 以 达 到如下学 习 成 果 ：Through various teaching methods as classroom lectures, observation of gross anatomical
specimens and models in experimental classes, self-study classes to watch photographs of anatomical specimens, color
atlas, multimedia library, VR and teaching videos, the following learning outcomes can be achieved:
1. 基础理论与基本知识：系统全面的认识人体的结构与功能，建立三维立体的人体结构概念，了解、熟悉和掌握人体各器官
系统的正常形态结构与功能、位置与毗邻、生长发育规律及其临床意义。Basic theory and basic knowledge. Systematically
and comprehensively understand the structure and function of human body. Establish a three-dimensional concept of
human body structure. Understand, familiarize and master the normal structure and function of human organ system,
position and adjacency, growth and development law and its clinical significance.
2. 基本技能：能够在标本、模型、照片和活体上辨认和找出重要的解剖学结构，能使用解剖学方位术语正确地描述人体结构
位置，并能通过语言、文字、拍摄照片及绘图对所观察到的人体解剖结构特点进行正确的描绘或描述。Basic Skills. Ability
to identify and find important anatomical structures on specimens, models, photographs and living bodies. Ability to
correctly describe the position of human body structure using the anatomical orientation terms. Ability to correctly draw or
describe the observed anatomical structure characteristics of human body through language, writing, photography and
drawing.
3. 中、英文解剖学专业词汇：能较流利的阅读英文版的解剖学书籍和其它医学书籍。Anatomy vocabulary of Chinese and
English. Fluent in reading English editions of anatomy books and other medical books.
4. 提高观察能力、辨证的科学思维方式、分析问题与解决问题的能力。Improve observation ability, dialectical scientific
thinking mode, ability of analyzing and solving problems.
17.
课程内容及教学日历 （如授课语言以英文为主，则课程内容介绍可以用英文；如团队教学或模块教学，教学日历须注明主
讲人）
Course Contents (in Parts/Chapters/Sections/Weeks. Please notify name of instructor for course section(s), if this
is a team teaching or module course.)
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绪论 Introduction
人体解剖学的定义，人体器官的组成及系统的划分，解剖学的分科及学习方法，解剖学姿势和解剖学术语。The
definition of the human anatomy, the composition and division of the human organ, anatomy branch and methods of
learning anatomy, the anatomical position and anatomical terms.
第一章 运动系统 Locomotor System
第一节 概述：运动系统的组成和主要功能 Introduction：The composition and function of the locomotor system.
第二节 骨学Osteology
骨学总论: 骨的分类、骨的构造、骨的理化特性、骨的X线解剖Osteology general: classification of bones, structure of bone,
chemical component and physical character of bone, X-ray of the bone.
骨学各论: 躯干骨、四肢骨、颅骨 Osteology theory: bones of trunk, bones of the limbs, cranial bones.
第三节 关节 Arthrology
骨连结总论：直接连结、间接连结Arthrology general: continuous articulation, discontinuous articulation
骨连结各论：躯干骨的连结、上肢骨的连结、下肢骨的连结、颅骨的连结Arthrology theory: Joints of bones of trunk, Joints
of upper limb, Joints of lower limb, Joints of skull
第四节 肌学Myology
肌学总论：肌的形态、构造、起止点和作用，肌的配置、命名和辅助装置Myology general: morphology, structure, origin
and Insertion of muscle. Configuration, nomenclature, accessory structures of muscle
肌学各论：躯干肌、头肌、颈肌、上肢肌、下肢肌Myology theory: Muscles of trunk, muscles of the neck, muscles of head,
muscles of upper limb, muscles of lower limb
第五节 体表标志 The body surface symbol
第二章 消化系统 The Alimentary System
第一节 概述 Introduction
消化系统的组成和主要功能、消化管的一般结构、胸腹部标志线和腹部分区 The composition and function of the
alimentary system. General structure of the alimentary Canal. Reference lines of thorax and abdomen, abdominal regions.
第二节 消化管 The Alimentary Canal
口腔：口腔的构造和分部、口腔内结构、大唾液腺 Oral cavity: the structure and division of the oral cavity, Intraoral
structure, salivary gland.
咽：咽的形态和位置、咽的分部和结构。Pharynx: shape and position of the pharynx, the structure and division of the
pharynx.
食管 ： 食 管 的形 态 和 分 部 、食 管 的 位 置、食 管 的 狭 窄。 Esophagus: shape, location, division and stricture of the
esophagus.
胃：胃的形态和分部、胃的位置和毗邻、胃壁的构造 Stomach: shape, location, division and proximity of the stomach.
Structure of stomach wall.
小肠：十二指肠、空肠和回肠。Small intestine: duodenum, jejunum and ileum.
大肠：盲肠、阑尾、结肠、直肠、肛管 Large intestine: caecum, vermiform appendix, colon, rectum, anal canal.
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第三节 消化腺 The Alimentary Gland
肝：肝的形态、肝的位置和体表投影、肝的主要功能、肝外胆道 Liver: shape, location, function and surface projection
of the liver. Extrahepatic biliary duct system.
胰 ：胰的形态和分部、胰的位置和功能 Pancreas: shape, location, function and of the Pancreas.
第四节 腹膜 The Peritoneum
腹膜的概念，腹膜与腹盆腔脏器的关系，腹膜形成的结构 Conception of the peritoneum. Relationship between viscera
and peritoneum. Structures which are formed by peritoneum.
第三章 呼吸系统 The Respiratory System
第一节 概述Introduction
呼吸系统的组成、呼吸系统的主要功能The composition and function of the respiratory system
第二节 肺外呼吸道The extrapulmonary respiratory tract
鼻 ：外鼻、鼻腔、鼻旁窦Nose: external nose, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses
喉：喉的位置、喉的结构Larynx: location and structures of the larynx
气管和主支气管Trachea and bronchi
第三节 肺Lung
肺的位置、肺的形态和结构、肺内支气管和支气管肺段Shape, location, structures of the lung. Trachea and bronchi
第四节 胸膜和纵隔 Pleura and Mediastinum
胸膜：胸膜的概念、壁胸膜的分部、胸膜和肺的体表投影Pleura: conception of the pleura, division of the Parietal pleura,
Surface projection of the lung and pleura
纵隔：纵隔的位置、纵隔的分部和内容Mediastinum: location, division and content of the mediastinum
第四章 泌尿系统 The Urinary System
第一节 概述：泌尿系统的组成、泌尿系统的主要功能 Introduction: The composition and function of the
urinary system.
第二节 肾：肾的形态、肾的和位置、肾的内部结构、肾的被膜 Kidney: Shape, location, structures, position and coverings of
the kidney
第三节 输尿管：输尿管的位置和毗邻、输尿管分段及狭窄 Ureter: Location, proximity, parts and constrictions of the ureter.
第四节 膀 胱：膀胱的形态、膀胱的位置、膀胱壁的结构 Urinary bladder Shape, position of the urinary
bladder. Structures of the bladder wall.
第五节 尿 道：女性尿道 Urethra: Female urethra
第五章 生殖系统 The Reproductive System
第一节 概述：生殖系统的组成、生殖系统的主要功能。Introduction: The composition and function of the reproductive
system.
第二节 男性生殖器 The Male Genital Organ
男性内生殖器：睾丸、附睾、输精管、射精管、精囊、前列腺、尿道球腺 Male internal genital organs: testis, epididymis,
ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, seminal vesicle, prostate, bulbourethral gland.
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男性外生殖器：阴囊、阴茎 Male external genital organs: penis, scrotum.
男性尿道：男性尿道的分部、男性尿道的狭窄和弯曲 Male urethra: three parts, three constrictions, three enlarged parts,
two curvatures of the male urethra.
第三节 女性生殖器 The Female Genital Organ
女性内生殖器：卵巢、输卵管、子宫、阴道、前庭大腺 Female internal genital organs: ovary, uterine tube, uterus, vagina,
great vestibular gland.
女性外生殖器：阴阜、大阴唇、小阴唇、阴道前庭、阴蒂、前庭球 Female external genital organs: mons pubis, greater lips
of pudendum, lesser lips of pudendum, vaginal vestibule, clitoris, bulb of vestibule.
女性乳房和会阴 Female breast and perineum.
第六章 循环系统 The Circulatory System
第一节 概述Introduction
循环系统的组成和主要功能、心血管系统的组成和主要功能、淋巴系统的组成和主要功能The composition and function of
the circulatory system. The composition and function of the cardiovascular system. The composition and function of the
lymphatic system.
血液循环的径路和血管吻合以及侧支循环The route of blood circulation, Vascular anastomosis and collateral circulation.
第二节 心血管系统 The cardiovascular system
心：心的外形、心的位置、心的体表投影、心的各腔、心的构造、心的传导系统、心的血管、心包Heart: position, shape,
chambers, structures, surface markings, conduction system, Arterial supply of the heart. Pericardium.
肺循环的血管和体循环的血管Systemic circulation and Pulmonary circulation.
第三节 淋巴系统The lymphatic system
淋巴导管、淋巴结、全身各部的主要淋巴结、部分器官的淋巴引流、脾Lymphatic vessel, lymphatic nodes, spleen, major
lymph nodes throughout the body, lymphatic drainage of partial organs.
第七章 内分泌系统 The Endocrine System
甲状腺、甲状旁腺、肾上腺、垂体、松果体、胸腺 Thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, suprarenal gland, pituitary gland,
pineal body, thymus.
第八章 感觉器 The Sensory Organ
第一节 概述 Introduction
感觉器的组成、感觉器的主要功能 The composition and function of the sensory organ.
第二节 视器Visual Organ
眼球：眼球壁、眼球的内容物 Eyeball：the wall of eyeball, the contents of eye.
眼副器：眼睑、结膜、泪器、眼球外肌 Accessory organs of eye: palpebrae, conjunctiva, lacrimal apparatus, extraocular
muscles.
眼的血管：眼的动脉、眼的静脉The blood vessels of eye: ophthalmic artery, ophthalmic vein
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第三节 前庭蜗（位听）器Vestibulocochlear Organ
外耳：耳郭、外耳道、鼓膜External ear: auricle, external acoustic meatus, tympanic membrane
中耳：鼓室、咽鼓管、乳突窦和乳突小房Middle ear: tympanic cavity, pharyngotympanic tube, mastoid antrum and mastoid
cells
内耳：骨迷路、膜迷路Internal ear: bony labyrinth, membranous labyrinth
第九章 神经系统 The Nervous System
第一节 概述Introduction
神经系统的主要功能、区分、组成、活动方式和常用术语。 Functional, classification, constitute, mode of activity, common
terms of the nervous system.
第二节 脊髓和脊神经Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves
脊髓：脊髓的位置和外形、内部结构、功能Spinal Cord: functional, location, shape and internal structure.
脊神经：后支、前支和脊髓的节段性支配Spinal Nerves: anterior branch, posterior branch and segmental innervation of the
spinal nerves.
第三节 脑和脑神经Encephalon and Cranial Nerve
脑：脑干、小脑、间脑、端脑Encephalon: Brain stem, Diencephalon, Cerebellum, Telencephalon
脑神经：嗅神经、视神经、动眼神经、滑车神经、三叉神经、展神经、面神经、前庭蜗神经、舌咽神经、迷走神经、副神经
Cranial Nerve: Olfactory nerve, Optic nerve, Oculomotor nerve, Trochlear nerve, Trigeminal nerve, Abducent nerve, Facial
nerve, Vestibulocochlear nerve, Glossopharyngeal nerve, Vagus nerve, Accessory nerve, Hypoglossal nerve
第四节 传导通路Nervous Pathway
感觉传导通路：本位觉传导通路、浅感觉传导通路、视觉传导通路、听觉传导通路Sensory pathway: proprioceptive
pathway, pain, temperature and crude touch pathway, visual pathway, auditory pathway.
运动传导通路：锥体系、锥体外系Motor pathway: pyramidal system, extrapyramidal system.
第五节 内脏神经系统Visceral Nervous System
内脏运动神经：交感神经、副交感神经、交感神经与副交感神经的主要区别Visceral Motor Nerve: sympathetic nerve,
parasympathetic nerve, main differences between sympathetic and parasympathetic
内脏感觉神经Visceral Sensory Nerve
第六节 脑和脊髓的被膜Meninges of Brain and Spinal Cord
硬膜、蛛网膜、软膜Dura mater, Arachnoid mater, Pia mater
第七节 脑室和脑脊液Ventricle and Cerebrospinal Fluid
脑室：侧脑室、第三脑室、第四脑室Ventricle: lateral ventricle, third ventricle, fourth ventricle
脑脊液Cerebrospinal Fluid
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第八节 脑和脊髓的血管Blood Vessels of Brain and Spinal Cord
脑的血管：脑的动脉、脑的静脉 Blood Vessels of Brain: Arteries of Brain, Veins of Brain.
脊髓的血管：脊髓的动脉、脊髓的静脉 Blood Vessels of Spinal Cord: Arteries of Spinal Cord, Veins of Spinal Cord.
教学方法
Teaching Methods
专 题
Topics
教 学 内 容
Teaching Contents
学 时
Lecture
Hours
讲授
Lecture
实验
Lab
第一讲
Lecture 1
绪论、骨总论、躯干骨、四肢骨
Introduction, pandect of osteology, bones of trunk,
bones of limb
4
2
2
第二讲
Lecture 2
颅骨
Cranial bones
4
2
2
第三讲
Lecture 3
关节学、肌学总论
Arthrology, pandect of myology
4
2
2
第四讲
Lecture 4
肌学
Myology
4
2
2
第五讲
Lecture 5
消化系统、呼吸系统
Digestive system
Respiratory system
4
2
2
第六讲
Lecture 6
泌尿、生殖系统
Urinary system
reproductive system
4
2
2
第七讲
Lecture 7
循环系统总论、心脏、头颈部动脉
Circulatory system, heart, artery of head and neck
4
2
2
第八讲
Lecture 8
胸腹盆、四肢动脉、静脉、淋巴、内分泌腺
Artery of chest, abdomen and pelvis, artery of limb,
Vein, lymph, endocrine
4
2
2
第九讲
Lecture 9
感官
Sensory organ
4
2
2
期中考试
Mid-semester exam
第十讲
Lecture10
神经系总论、脊髓、脊神经
Pandect of nervous system, spinal cord, spinal
nerves
4
2
2
第十一讲
Lecture 11
脑干
Brain stem
4
2
2
第十二讲
Lecture 12
小脑、间脑、端脑
Cerebellum, diencephalon, cerebrum
4
2
2
第十三讲
Lecture 13
脑神经
Cranial nerves
4
2
2
第十四讲
Lecture 14
传导路
Conducting pathway
4
2
2
第十五讲
Lecture 15
内脏神经、脑膜、脑脊液循环、脑血管
Splanchnic nerves, brain meninges, circulation of
CSF, blood vessel of brain
4
2
2
第十六讲
Lecture16
复习
Review
4
2
2
期末考试
Final exam
合计
Summary
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32
32
9
18.
教材及其它参考资料 Textbook and Supplementary Readings
教材 Textbooks：
1. 丁文龙 , 刘学政. 系统解剖学. 第九版. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2018.
2. Richard Drake. Gray’s Anatomy for Student. 3rd ed. Churchill Livingstone, 2014
参考资料 Reference Readings：
1. Susan Standring. Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice. 41th Ed. Elsevier, 2015
2. Anne M. R. Agur. Grant's Atlas of Anatomy. 14th Ed. LWW, 2016.
3. Michael Schuenke, Erik Schulte. Thieme Atlas of Anatomy: General Anatomy and Musculoskeletal System. German,
Thieme Medical Publishers Inc, 2010.
4. Michael Schuenke, Erik Schulte. Thieme Atlas of Anatomy: Head, Neck, and Neuroanatomy. 2nd ed. German, Thieme
Medical Publishers Inc, 2016.
5. Michael Schuenke, Erik Schulte. Thieme Atlas of Anatomy: Internal Organs. 2nd ed. German, Thieme Medical
Publishers Inc, 2016.
6. 学习网站：www.studentconsult.com
课程评估 ASSESSMENT
19.
评估形式
Type of
Assessment
评估时间
Time
占考试总成绩百分比
% of final
score
违纪处罚
Penalty
备注
Notes
出勤 Attendance
课堂表现
Class
Performance
小测验
Quiz
5min*3 次
15（5*3 次）
课程项目 Projects
平时作业
Assignments
10
期中考试
Mid-Term Test
2h
25
期末考试
Final Exam
4h
50
期末报告
Final
Presentation
其它（可根据需要
改写以上评估方
式）
Others (The
above may be
modified as
necessary)
10
20.
记分方式 GRADING SYSTEM
A. 十三级等级制 Letter Grading
B. 二级记分制（通过/不通过） Pass/Fail Grading
课程审批 REVIEW AND APPROVAL
21.
本课程设置已经过以下责任人/委员会审议通过
This Course has been approved by the following person or committee of authority