课程详述

COURSE SPECIFICATION

以下课程信息可能根据实际授课需要或在课程检讨之后产生变动。如对课程有任何疑问，请

联系授课教师。

The course information as follows may be subject to change, either during the session because of unforeseen

circumstances, or following review of the course at the end of the session. Queries about the course should be

directed to the course instructor.

课程名称 Course Title

阿拉伯城市与文化

Colors and Cultures of the Arab World

授课院系

Originating Department

人文科学中心

Center for the Humanities

课程编号

Course Code

HUM059

课程学分 Credit Value

2 学分 2 Credits

课程类别

Course Type

通识选修课程 General Education (GE) Elective Courses

授课学期

Semester

2020-2021 学年第二学期（春季）

2020-2021 Spring

授课语言

Teaching Language

中英文

Bilingual

授课教师、所属学系、联系方

式（如属团队授课，请列明其

他授课教师）

Instructor(s), Affiliation&

Contact

（For team teaching, please list

all instructors）

钱艾琳，研究助理教授，人文中心

Ailin Qian, Research assistant professor, Center for the Humanities

Email: qianal@sustech.edu.cn

Cell Phone:18013768851

实验员/助教、所属学系、联系

方式

Tutor/TA(s), Contact

无

10.

选课人数限额(可不填)

Maximum Enrolment

（Optional）

11.

授课方式

Delivery Method

讲授

Lectures

习题/辅导/讨论

Tutorials

实验/实习

Lab/Practical

其它(请具体注明)

Other（Please specify）

总学时

Total

学时数

Credit Hours

12.

先修课程、其它学习要求

Pre-requisites or Other

Academic Requirements

无

13.

后续课程、其它学习规划

Courses for which this course

is a pre-requisite

无

14.

其它要求修读本课程的学系

Cross-listing Dept.

无

教学大纲及教学日历 SYLLABUS

15.

教学目标 Course Objectives

从北非的阿特拉斯山脉、撒哈拉沙漠，到西亚的阿拉伯海和两河流域，阿拉伯世界的 22个国

家不仅地形地貌多姿，在语言、文学、艺术和自然科学等方面也展现出鲜明特色。阿拉伯世界总面

积达 1300 多万平方公里，目前人口已超过 4 亿，理解阿拉伯文化的层次性和多样性，是拓宽当代

大学生国际视野的重要一环。

本课程分为十六个主题，每次课覆盖一个重要的阿拉伯城市。从古代阿拉伯半岛的萨那和麦

加，肥沃新月地区的大马士革、耶路撒冷和巴格达，到非洲大陆的开罗和突尼斯，伊比利亚半岛的

科尔多瓦和格拉纳达，以及充斥现代商业的迪拜和多哈，几千年来人员和思想的汇聚，造就了阿拉

伯城市高超的建筑、文学和艺术水平，也凸显出自然与人工、游牧与定居、大陆与海洋文明等持久

的二元张力。

From the Atlas Mountains and the Sahara Desert in North Africa, to Mesopotamia and the

Arabian Sea in West Asia, the 22 countries of the Arab world not only cover an area of 13 million

square kilometers and a population of more than 400 million, but also present distinctive features

in language, literature and art. To understand the diversity of Arab culture has more and more

becoming a pressing task for university students who aspire to broaden their international horizons.

This course is divided into sixteen topics, each focusing on an important Arab city, like Sana'a,

Mecca, Dubai and Doha in the Arabian Peninsula, Damascus, Jerusalem and Baghdad in the

Fertile Crescent, Cairo and Tunis of Africa, and Cordova and Granada in the Iberian Peninsula.

For thousands of years, the Arab world has witnessed the convergence of people and ideas and

manifested a superb level of architecture, literature and art in these Arab cities. Our course also

reveals the enduring binary stress between the natural and the man-made, the Bedouins and city-

dwellers, and seafaring and agricultural cultivation in the Arab world.

16.

预达学习成果 Learning Outcomes

通过本课程的学习，学生们将对十六个阿拉伯城市有深入细致的了解，在历史遗存和现代习

俗中体会阿拉伯传统意义上的幸福生活。阿拉伯世界近两千年的发展过程，为我们今日面对全球

化、战争、疫病、公共卫生、移民潮、自然与人工之间的张力和不同宗教文明之间的碰撞提供有

益的借鉴。本课程特别鼓励学生们运用自己的专业知识和兴趣爱好，对阿拉伯城市发展进行客观

的比较观察，并提出独创性的见解。

After taking this course, students will gain an in-depth understanding of sixteen cities of the Arab world

and comprehend the traditional meaning of happiness of the Arabs. The development of the Arab world over

the past two thousand years has provided useful lessons for us to tackle urgent problems such as

globalization, war, disease, public health, migration, and the collision of religions and civilizations. This

course encourages students to use their knowledge of major and personal research interests to make

comparative observations of Arab urban development and to offer original insights.

17.

课程内容及教学日历（如授课语言以英文为主，则课程内容介绍可以用英文；如团队教学或模块教学，教学日历须注明

主讲人）

Course Contents (in Parts/Chapters/Sections/Weeks. Please notify name of instructor for course section(s), if

this is a team teaching or module course.)

1-16 周上课，每次 2 课时，共 16 次课。课程内容如下：

第一周（2 学时）：半岛的色彩

关键词：萨那

内容简介：阿拉伯世界在哪里？阿拉伯人是谁？阿拉伯半岛是阿拉伯人的家园，沙漠中苛刻的自然条件造就

以游牧生活为特色的贝杜因文化。半岛南部的农耕文化和香料贸易，也在也门萨那留下了印记。

第二周（2 学时）：岩石的阿拉比亚

关键词：佩特拉

内容简介：阿拉伯半岛西北部以及现在的约旦和叙利亚南部，曾被古典作家称为“岩石的阿拉比亚”。佩特

拉、马达因·萨利赫等古迹见证了奈伯特人的商业活动和香料之路的繁盛。公元三世纪，这一地区产生了一

位阿拉伯的罗马皇帝，也涌现出一位反抗罗马统治的阿拉伯女王。

第三周（2 学时）：双城

关键词：麦加和麦地那

内容简介：公元 622 年，先知穆罕默德从麦加迁徙到麦地那，标志着伊斯兰纪元开始。伊斯兰教吸收了犹太

教和基督教的特点，也保留了一些半岛的原始多神信仰。麦加的圣寺和麦地那的先知清真寺，它们的建筑风

格正体现了伊斯兰教的兼容与个性。

第四周（2 学时）：天堂的壁画

关键词：大马士革

内容简介：阿拉伯人走出半岛，继续扩张。麦加贵族穆阿威叶建立了世袭制的伍麦叶王朝，定都大马士革。

这座被先知称为天堂的古城，愈发显出阿拉伯文化与拜占庭文化交融的特点。伍麦叶清真寺上的马赛克壁

画，令人想起《古兰经》里对天堂的描述。

第五周（2 学时）：沙漠宫殿

关键词：巴尔米拉

内容简介：穆阿威叶的妻子梅荪出身于游牧的阿拉伯基督教部落，习惯在巴尔米拉生活。这样既能躲避城市

里经常发生的瘟疫，也能让儿子叶齐德学习骑马和纯正的阿拉伯语。伍麦叶王朝后期的多位哈里发，在现在

的约旦、巴勒斯坦和叙利亚都建造了富丽堂皇的沙漠宫殿。

第六周（2 学时）：军营城市

关键词：库法和巴士拉

内容简介：走出半岛的阿拉伯大军一般不同当地居民混住，而住在新兴的军营城市中，其中最为著名的是伊

拉克的库法和巴士拉。半岛南北的不同部落迁徙至库法和巴士拉，使这两座城市在圣训学、语法学、教法学

等方面都互相竞争。

第七周（2 学时）：都城

关键词：巴格达

内容简介：巴格达是《一千零一夜》着墨最多的阿拉伯都城，建于 762 年。这座底格里斯河畔的团城见证了

深受波斯影响的阿拔斯王朝的鼎盛时期，也是令阿拉伯人最为骄傲的一段回忆。1258 年蒙古大军屠城巴格

达，阿拔斯王朝灭亡。

第八周（2 学时）：异乡人

关键词：福斯塔特

内容简介：阿拉伯帝国的广袤，语言文字和宗教的统一，使得长距离的旅行成为可能。在巴格达哈里发权盛

之时，帝国各地的人才汇聚，从他们表示出身的附名来看，无论走到哪里，都背负着自己的乡愁。阿拔斯王

朝开始的奴隶兵制度，也使得奴隶出身的大将成为地方割据首领，例如伊本·突伦王朝的福斯塔特展现了许

多巴格达和萨马腊建筑的特点。

第九周（2 学时）：安达卢西亚

关键词：科尔多瓦和格拉纳达

内容简介：伍麦叶王朝的末代王孙流亡西班牙，建立了科尔多瓦埃米尔国，并在 786 年将一座基督教教堂改

建成科尔多瓦清真大寺。1236 年，科尔多瓦大寺又被改成天主教教堂。西班牙穆斯林的最后一个城市格拉纳

达于 1492 年被基督教双王攻下，精巧风格的阿罕布拉宫也被保留下来。

第十周（2 学时）：马格里布

关键词：突尼斯、非斯和马拉喀什

内容简介：马格里布的意思是太阳落山之处。作为伊斯兰世界的最西端，马格里布地区体现出阿拉伯文化和

柏柏尔文化的结合。十四世纪的突尼斯学者伊本·赫勒顿，曾经盛赞马格里布游牧部落的群体凝聚力，也因

此构建其“分久必合，合久必分”的循环历史观。

第十一周（2 学时）：西西里

关键词：巴勒莫

内容简介：从公元 902 年到 1091 年，阿拉伯穆斯林曾统治过西西里岛。1138 年，西西里国王罗杰二世请来

自北非的地理学家为他绘制了世界地图。1140 年，北非工匠为他修建的巴拉蒂那小教堂也完美融合了拜占

庭、阿拉伯和诺曼三种风格。

第十二周（2 学时）：十字军

关键词：耶路撒冷

内容简介：诺曼人在西西里的征服，卡斯蒂利亚人对科尔多瓦、塞维利亚等地的“收复失地运动”，都可看

作基督教世界对曾经迅速扩张、又渐渐式微的伊斯兰世界的反击。1095 年，教皇在克莱蒙会议宣布发动第一

次十字军战争，夺回基督教三大圣城之一的耶路撒冷。在第二次十字军战争末期，出身库尔德族的穆斯林领

袖萨拉丁夺回圣城。

第十三周（2 学时）：奴隶王朝

关键词：开罗

内容简介：马木鲁克王朝推翻萨拉丁所建的艾尤布王朝，将十字军彻底赶出伊斯兰世界，也抵挡了蒙古人向

埃及进发的脚步。马木鲁克的含义是奴隶，统治者均为奴隶兵出身，不能世袭。马木鲁克人不仅展现了强大

的作战能力，也是艺术和城市建设的赞助人。

第十四周（2 学时）：堡垒

关键词：阿勒颇

内容简介：近年来在叙利亚内战中被破坏严重的阿勒颇，曾经是奥斯曼土耳其帝国三个阿拉伯行省之一。16

世纪的莎士比亚曾经描写过阿勒颇，它不仅是阿拉伯世界受土耳其人统治最直接的城市，也是近东最大的贸

易中心。它的古堡易守难攻，据说只曾被帖木儿攻下。

第十五周（2 学时）：殖民主义

关键词：贝鲁特

内容简介：号称中东小巴黎的贝鲁特，名字的含义是“多井之城”。贝鲁特美国大学，是美国新教传教士创

建的，也是目前中东名校之一。第一次世界大战之后，英法瓜分奥斯曼土耳其帝国的阿拉伯属地，黎巴嫩被

法国占领。今年八月贝鲁特港口发生爆炸，从当地居民对马克龙的态度仍然可以窥见殖民主义挥之不去的阴

影。

第十六周（2 学时）：传统与现代

关键词：迪拜和多哈

内容简介：1932 年，阿拉伯半岛的巴林发现石油。近百年来，海湾石油国家的财富使得迪拜、利雅得、多哈

等城市名闻遐迩。在迪拜的哈里发塔或者多哈的伊斯兰艺术博物馆的现代光芒背后，赛驼、赛诗等阿拉伯传

统仍被保存下来。

First week (2 hours): Colors of the Arabian Peninsula

Keywords: Sana'a

Description: Where is the Arab world? Who are the Arabs? The Arabian Peninsula is home to the Arabs. The

harsh natural conditions of the desert create a distinctive nomadic culture that is still visible to this day. Agriculture

and the spice trade that were once dominant in Yemen’s economy have also left their marks in the city of Sana'a.

Week 2 (2 hours): Arabia Petreae

Keywords: Petra

Description: Jordan, Southern Syria and the Northwest part of the Arabian Peninsula were once known by the

Classical writers as “Arabia Petreae (The Rocky Arabia).” Archaeological sites such as Petra and Mada’in Saleh bear

witness to the commercial activities of the Nabateans. In the third century A.D., an Arab Roman emperor emerged in

this region, as well as an Arab queen who rebelled against Roman rules.

Week 3 (2 hours): A Tale of Two Cities

Keywords: Mecca and Medina

Description: In 622 A.D., the Prophet Muhammad migrated from Mecca to Medina, marking the beginning of

the Islamic era. Islam is regarded as the third monotheism after Judaism and Christianity and retains some

characteristics of the peninsula's pagan past. Mecca's Ka’aba and Medina's Prophet's Mosque, their architectural

styles reflect the compatibility and individuality of Islam.

Week 4 (2 hours): Murals of Heaven

Keywords: Damascus

Description: After the death of the Prophet, Arab troops continued their conquest out of the peninsula. A former

Meccan nobleman Muawiya established the hereditary Umayyad dynasty, with its capital of Damascus. This ancient

city, once praised by the Prophet as heaven, was an entrepot on the spice road and later witnessed the blending of

Arab and Byzantine cultures. Mosaic murals of the Umayyad Mosque are reminiscent of the description of heaven in

the Quran.

Week 5 (2 hours): Desert Palaces

Keywords: Palmyra

Description: Muawiya's wife, Maysun, came from a nomadic Arab Christian tribe and used to living in Palmyra.

This not only allowed her to escape from the plagues that often occurred in the cities, but also let her son Yazid to

learn horseback riding and pure Arabic from the Bedouins. Several caliphs in late Umayyad dynasty spent most of

their time in magnificent desert palaces in what is now Jordan, Palestine and Syria.

Week 6 (2 hours): Garrison Cities

Keywords: Kufa and Basra

Description: The Arab armies built garrison cities during their conquests outside of the peninsular, lest they mix

with the locals. The most famous of them are Kufa and Basra in nowadays Iraq. Different tribes from the northern

and southern parts of the peninsula migrated to Kufa and Basra, making the two cities compete with each other in

fields such as hadith, grammar, linguistics, genealogy, Islamic law and so on.

Week 7 (2 hours): The Capital

Keywords: Baghdad

Description: Baghdad owes its eternal fame to the "One Thousand and One Nights." It was built in 762 as the

Abbasid capital on the banks of the Tigris river. This round city witnessed the heyday of the Persian-influenced

Abbasid caliphs and remains one of the proudest memories of the Arabs. In 1258, the Mongols captured Baghdad and

put an end to the Abbasid dynasty.

Week 8 (2 hours): Strangers

Keywords: Fustat

Description: The vastness of the Arab Empire, the unity of language and religion, made long-distance travels

possible. During the caliphate's heyday in Baghdad, talents from all over the empire gathered and, judging by their

nisbah-names, still carried the memories of their hometowns wherever they went. The slave soldier (mamluk) system

introduced by the Abbasids left its imprint in the city of Fustat, as the local leader Ibn Tulun, a former slave of the

caliph Ma’mun, built a mosque that bears many architectural characteristics of the buildings in Baghdad and Samarra.

Week 9 (2 hours): Andalusia

Keywords: Cordova and Granada

Description: A descendent of the Umayyad royal family fled to Spain in 755 and founded the Umayyad Emirate

of Cordoba. He converted in 786 a Christian church into la Mezquita of Cordoba. In 1236, la Mezquita was

converted again into a Catholic church. Granada, the last stronghold of Spanish Muslims, was captured by the

Christian kings in 1492, and the elaborate Alhambra palace was well preserved to this day.

Week 10 (2 hours): Maghreb

Keywords: Tunisia, Fez and Marrakech

Description: In Arabic “maghreb” means the place of sunset. As the westernmost part of the Islamic world, the

Maghreb region is the entrepot of Arab and Berber cultures. The 14th-century Tunisian scholar Ibn Khaldun, who

once praised the group solidarity of the Maghreb nomadic tribes, constructed his cyclical theory of history after a

long travel of seeking knowledge and fame.

Week 11 (2 hours): Sicily

Keywords: Palermo

Description: Arab Muslims ruled Sicily from 902 to 1091. In 1138, King Roger II of Sicily asked a geographer

from Maghreb to create a world map. In 1140, Maghreb architects built for him the Capella Palatina, which blends

Byzantine, Arab and Norman architectural and ornamental styles.

Week 12 (2 hours): Crusaders

Keywords: Jerusalem

Description: The Norman conquest of Sicily and the Castilian Reconquista to recover lost land in Cordoba and

Seville can be seen as the Christian world's response to the once rapidly expanding and then declining Islamic

powers. In 1095, at the Council of Clermont, the Pope declared the first crusader war to capture Jerusalem, one of the

three holy cities of Christianity. At the end of the Second Crusader War, Saladin, a Muslim leader of Kurdish origin,

retook the holy city.

Week 13 (2 hours): The Slave Dynasty

Keywords: Cairo

Description: The Mamluks replaced Saladin’s Ayyubid dynasty and drove the crusaders out of the Islamic world

completely. They also defeated the Mongols and destroyed their plan to conquer Egypt. The rulers were slave soldiers

so that their ruling could not be hereditary. The Mamluks were not only competent soldiers, but also patrons of art

and urban construction.

Week 14 (2 hours): The Castle

Keywords: Aleppo

Description: Aleppo, which has been badly damaged in Syria's civil war in recent years, was one of the three

Arab provinces of the Ottoman Turkish Empire. Shakespeare in the 16th century described Aleppo in his plays.

Aleppo was ruled directly by the Turks, and was the largest trading center in the Near East. Its castle is easy to defend

and is said to have only been captured once—by Timur in 1401.

Week 15 (2 hours): Colonialism

Keywords: Beirut

Description: Beirut means "the city of many wells". The American University of Beirut, founded by American

protestants in the 19

century, was ranked the top university in the Arab region in the 2018 QS World University

Rankings. After World War I, Britain and France divided the Arab territories of the Ottoman Turkish Empire, and

Lebanon was occupied by France. The Beirut Explosion and the locals’ attitude towards Macron in August this year

still gives a glimpse of the lingering phantom of colonialism in Lebanon.

Week 16 (2 hours): Tradition and Modernity

Keywords: Dubai and Doha

Description: In 1932, oil was first discovered in Bahrain in the Arabian Peninsula. Over the past hundred years,

the wealth of the Gulf countries has made Dubai, Riyadh, Doha and other cities famous in the world. While Dubai's

Burj khalifa or Doha's Museum of Islamic Art represent the peninsula’s face of modernity, the Arabs are still proud

of their poetry, camel racing and other enduring traditions.

期末考核内容：

1. 期末考核方式：考查，内容为期末报告，长度大约为两千五百字到三千字。第八周后可开始选题，并

同任课老师讨论商定。优秀的期末报告需要体现对阿拉伯文化的独特见解和对上课内容的熟悉，逻辑清晰、

言之有物、遵守学术规范、严禁抄袭。

2. 课程缺勤率达到 50%以上，不允许参加期末考核，该门课程记 0 分。

Final assessment content:

1. Final assessment: all registered students are to hand in a final report at the length of about 2500 to 3000

words. Students should discuss their choice of topics with the teacher after the eighth week. Excellent final reports

need to reflect the author’s unique view of the Arab culture as well as his familiarity with the content of the course,

his clear logic, wording and adherence to academic norms. Plagiarism is strictly prohibited.

2. If the students missed more than 50% of the classes, he will not be allowed to hand in the final report and his

final grade will be 0 points.

评分标准：

评分等级

具体标准

A+

（97-100）

1、选题极有新意和时代感，分析能力强，重要问题论述充分，合理运用哲学思

维思考问题；

2、善于综合全面地利用各次课程中教授给予的工具和知识；

3、显示出继续研究的高度潜力；

4、无无故缺席。

（93-96）

1、选题有新意并契合现实需要，分析能力较强，重要问题论述较充分，较合理

运用哲学思维思考问题；

2、善于综合全面地利用各次课程中教授给予的工具和知识；

3、显示出继续研究的潜力；

4、无无故缺席。

A-

（90-92）

1、能根据自身条件选择课题，分析能力较强，重要问题论述较充分，较合理运

用哲学思维思考问题；

2、善于综合全面地利用各次课程中教授给予的工具和知识；

3、显示出继续研究的潜力；

4、无无故缺席。

B+

（87-89）

1、论述命题分析能力较强，重要问题论述较充分，较合理运用哲学思维思考问

题；

2、善于利用课程中教授给予的大部分工具和知识。

（83-86）

1、论述命题分析能力较强，重要问题论述较充分，较合理运用哲学思维思考问

题；

2、善于利用课程中教授给予的一部分工具和知识。

B-

（80-82）

1、论述命题分析能力一般，重要问题论述较充分，较合理运用哲学思维思考问

题；

2、善于利用课程中教授给予的某些工具和知识。

C+

（77-79）

课堂表现和作业均无较大问题，有较多亮点。

（77-79）

课堂表现和作业均无较大问题，有部分亮点。

C-

（70-72）

课堂表现和作业均无较大问题，亦无亮点。

D+

（67-69）

课堂表现和作业有较大问题但有较多亮点。

（63-66）

课堂表现和作业有较大问题但有部分亮点。

D-

（60-62）

课堂表现和作业均有较大问题但有亮点。

（0-59）

未完成基础要求，或课堂表现，作业有严重问题亦无亮点。

18.

教材及其它参考资料 Textbook and Supplementary Readings

教材：

1. The Cambridge Illustrated History of the Islamic World, eds. Francis Robinson, Ira M. Lapidus (Cambridge:

Cambridge UP, 1999).

2. Robin Doak, Empire of the Islamic World, revised ed. (New York: Chelsea House, 2010).

3. [美] 菲利浦·希提著，马坚译，《阿拉伯通史》，北京：新世界出版社， 2015 年。

参考资料：

1. Richard Ettinghausen, Oleg Grabar, Marilyn Jenkins-Madina, Islamic Art and Architecture, 650-1250 (New

Haven: Yale UP, 2002).

2. Sheila S. Blair and Jonathan M. Bloom, the Art and Architecture of Islam 1250-1800 (New Haven, Yale UP,

1995).

课程评估 ASSESSMENT

19.

评估形式

Type of

Assessment

评估时间

Time

占考试总成绩百分比

% of final

score

违纪处罚

Penalty

备注

Notes

出勤 Attendance

缺勤率超过

50%，不准参

加期末考核，

人文中心课程考勤要求。

成绩记不及

格。

课堂表现

Class

Performance

听讲专心、不迟到早退、积极回答问

题。

小测验

Quiz

课程项目 Projects

平时作业

Assignments

以提交纸质签名版作业为准。

期中考试

Mid-Term Test

期末考试

Final Exam

期末报告

Final

Presentation

期末报告长度大约为两千五百字到三

千字，第八周后可开始选题，并同任课

老师讨论商定。优秀的期末报告需要体

现对阿拉伯文化的独特见解和对上课内

容的熟悉、逻辑清晰、言之有物、遵守

学术规范、严禁抄袭。

其它（可根据需要

改写以上评估方

式）

Others (The

above may be

modified as

necessary)

20.

记分方式 GRADING SYSTEM

√ A. 十三级等级制 Letter Grading

 B. 二级记分制（通过/不通过） Pass/Fail Grading

课程审批 REVIEW AND APPROVAL

21.

本课程设置已经过以下责任人/委员会审议通过

This Course has been approved by the following person or committee of authority

同意开设。

人文中心教学负责人：

年月日