课程大纲
COURSE SYLLABUS
1.
课程代码/名称
Course Code/Title
GGC5055 “科学研究诚信与伦理”/ Integrity and Ethics for
Scientific Research”
2.
课程性质
Compulsory/Elective
通识选修课
3.
开课单
Offering Dept.
研究生院
4.
课程学分/学时
Course Credit/Hours
1/16
5.
授课语
Teaching Language
中英文
6.
授课教
Instructor(s)
李保文,汪宏,董涛等
7.
开课学
Semester
秋季
8.
是否面向本科生开放
Open to undergraduates
or not
no
9.
先修要
Pre-requisites
If the course is open to
undergraduates, please indicate the difference.)
no
10.
教学目
Course Objectives
If the course is open to undergraduates, please indicate the
difference.)
2021 3 20 日中共中央办公厅,国务院办公厅印发《关于加强科技伦理治理的意见》明确
出:“科技伦理是开展科学研究、技术开发等科技活动需要遵循的价值理念和行为规范,是促进科技
事业健康发展的重要保障。意见要求“将科技伦理教育作为相关学科本专科学生、研究生教
的重要内容,鼓励高等学校开设科技伦理教育相关课程,教育青年学生树立正确的科技伦理意
识,遵守科技伦理要求”。
“Most people say that it is the intellect which makes a great scientist. They are wrong: it is
character.” Albert Einstein.
“大多数人说,是才智造就了伟大的科学家。他们错了,是人格”。爱因斯
Integrity in research is essential for maintaining scientific excellence and for keeping the
public’s trust. Integrity characterizes both individual researchers and the institutions in which they
work. For a scientist, integrity embodies above all the individual’s commitment to intellectual
honesty and personal responsibility. It is an aspect of moral character and experience. For an
institution, it is a commitment to creating an environment that promotes responsible conduct by
embracing standards of excellence, trustworthiness
诚信是保持科学的卓越性和维持公众对于科学和科学界的信赖的重要基础。诚信涉及科学研究者
自身和其所在的研究机构和团体。诚信包含了科学工作者对知识和自身责任的承诺。
The objectives of this course is to foster scientists/researchers with character
本课程的目标是培育人格高尚的科学研究人才
本课程将帮助研究生建立严格的职业标准和道德水准, 为国家和人类贡献力量
11.
教学方
Teaching Methods
If the course is open to undergraduates, please indicate the
difference.)
The students in this course will go through very deep discussions (via case study) in all
possible aspects of misconducts in all stages of the scientific research including proposal writing,
execution of hypothesis, data/evidence collecting, selection, interpretation, results presentation,
paper writing and publication. The course will foster student’s high professional standard in
conducting research.
本课程引导学生对科学研究的各个环节(研究题目选择、实验实现、数据记录、数据阐述、数据
选择、文章书写和发等)中所碰到各种科学诚信和科学伦理问题进行深入研讨。课程以过去在科
界发生的国内外众多事件作为案例分析,详细讨论每个案例的背景和后果
课程以讲座,课堂讨论和学习报告。
12.
教学内
Course Contents
(如面向本科生开放,请注明区分内容。 If the course is open to undergraduates, please indicate the
difference.)
Section 1
Introduction: Responsible Conduct in Research
:学术诚信与职业道德
What is integrity? 什么是诚信
What is misconduct何为学术不端?
Impact of misconduct to society
学术诚信与社会
Damage to scientific research community
学术不端对科学研究团体对
影响
Section 2
Advising and Mentoring
师生关系
Choosing group/supervisor 导师选择
Research Plan 研究计划/谁该负责?
Authorship and allocation of credit/responsibility
荣誉
责任
成果等
分配,谁该是作者?
Who Gets Credit? Student or supervisor谁该得到“credit”?
Supervisor as role model
导师作为学术诚信榜样
Case Study Discussion (page 5 and 6 in Ref 2): 案例讨论 (参考文献2 -
56)
Section 3
Treatment of Experimental Data 实验数据记录/处理
How to record experimental data?
如何记录实验数据?
How to use/treat data? 如何处理实验数据?
How to present data?
如何呈现实验数据?
Share data after paper publication:文章发表后的数据分享
Case Study (page 10 in Ref 2):
案例分析
(
参考文献
2 -
10
)
Section 4
Mistake or Negligence?
错误还是疏忽
All researchers are human being that make mistakesQuestion is if the
mistake an Honest error or negligence
是故意错误还是无意疏忽
Respect others 引用前人/别人的相关工作
Sharing Research results 如何分享研究成果
The Race to Publish发表文章/研究成果的途径:是选择专业杂志还是
公共媒体发布平台(比如公众
传统媒体
-
电视
纸。。。。。)
Case study 1-Extension of Maxwell Equations: 案例分 Maxwell方程
扩展
Case study 2- (page 13, 14 in Ref 2): 案例分 (参考文献2 -13,14)
Section 5
Research Misconduct 学术不端
What is Research Misconduct? 什么才叫学术不端?
Fabrication
篡改数据
/
图表
Falsification 伪造
Plagiarism 剽窃
Faked peer review
虚假同行评
Faked supervisors signature: 虚假导师签名
Abuse of confidentially of peer review: 同行评审的保密性的滥用
Failure to allocate credit appropriately in publication: 添加没有贡献的人
作为作者之一,不加有贡献的人作为作者
Case study 1: A Breach of Trust. (Page 16 in Ref 2) : 信誉坏案例分析-
贝尔实验室肖恩案例( 文献
2
16
页)
Case Study 2/ 案例分析 2: 2018 Dr. Piero Anversa Cardiac Stem Sell
“falsified and/or fabricated date” 哈佛大学医学院心肌再生皮也罗-
韦萨教授数据造假事件.
Case Study 3: Fabrication in Grant Proposal A Breach of Trust. (Page 17 in
Ref 2):伪造没有完成的工作案例分析。 (文献2 17页)
Case Study 4: Plagiarism. (Page 18 in Ref 2)。剽窃案例分析: 文献2
18
页)
Section 6
Competing Interests, Commitments, and Value 利益冲突,价值
Role of Peer Reviewer 评审人角色:如何公正?如何避免评审过程的
学术不端
A Conflict of Commitment 利益冲突
Competition and/or collaboration?
合作还是竞争?
Source of Research Funding Influence Research Findings
研究资助方
响研究者行?
Intellectual property 知识产权
Case study
page 31, 32, in Ref. 2
): 案例分析(文献
2
31
32
页)
Section 7
Human Participants and Animal Subjects in Research
Ethics in life science and medical science 生命科学,医学科学伦
Ethics in research involved human being and animals 涉及人和动物的科
学研究的伦理问题
Case Study 1/案例分析: 2018 年南科大贺建奎事件
Section 8
Responding to Suspected Violations of Professional Standards
Treatment of Misconduct by a Journal 杂志如何处理学术不端
Treatment of Misconduct by Institute/University: Comparison between
domestic and overseas 大学/研究单位怎么处理学术不端: 国内外案
例比较
Case Study 1page 22 in Ref 2: A Career in the Balance; 案例分析-
业平衡 (文献2 22页)
Case Study 2: Wong Woo -Suk
2005
Page 21 in Ref 2
): 案例分
析:韩国黄禹锡造假事件
Section 9
Section 10
………
13.
课程考
Course Assessment
1
Form of examination;
2
. grading policy
3
If the course is open to undergraduates, please indicate the difference.)
Attendance/出席课程: 20%
Class discussion/课堂讨论: 40%
Project report/项目报告: 40%
14.
教材及其它参考资料
Textbook and Supplementary Readings
(1) “Integrity in Scientific Research: Creating an Environment That Promotes Responsible Conduct
“(2002). National Academy Press. (2002)
(2) “On Being a Scientist: A Guide to Responsible Conduct in Research”, National Academy Press,
Third Edition (2009).