1
课程详述
COURSE SPECIFICATION
以下课程信息可能根据实际授课需要或在课程检讨之后产生变动。如对课程有任何疑问，请联
系授课教师。
The course information as follows may be subject to change, either during the session because of unforeseen
circumstances, or following review of the course at the end of the session. Queries about the course should be
directed to the course instructor.
1.
课程名称 Course Title
半导体光学导论 INTRODUCTION TO SEMICONDUCTOR OPTICS
2.
授课院系
Originating Department
电子与电气工程系
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
3.
课程编号
Course Code
EE309
4.
课程学分 Credit Value
3
5.
课程类别
Course Type
专业核心课 Major Core Courses
6.
授课学期
Semester
秋季 Fall
7.
授课语言
Teaching Language
中英双语 English & Chinese
（English with Detailed Explanations in Chinese）
8.
授课教师、所属学系、联系方
式（如属团队授课，请列明其
他授课教师）
Instructor(s), Affiliation&
Contact
（For team teaching, please list
all instructors）
张新海教授，电子与电气工程系
第二科研楼 511 室
zhang.xh@sustc.edu.cn
0755-8801-8566
Professor Zhang Xinhai, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Rm.511, Research Bldg. No. 2
zhang.xh@sustc.edu.cn
0755-8801-8566
9.
实验员/助教、所属学系、联系
方式
Tutor/TA(s), Contact
李鸿，电子与电气工程系
11553015@mail.sustc.edu.cn
13538041126
Li Hong, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
11553015@mail.sustc.edu.cn
13538041126
10.
选课人数限额(可不填)
Maximum Enrolment
（Optional）
2
授课方式
Delivery Method
习题/辅导/讨论
Tutorials
实验/实习
Lab/Practical
其它(请具体注明)
Other（Please specify）
总学时
Total
11.
学时数
Credit Hours
48
12.
先修课程、其它学习要求
Pre-requisites or Other
Academic Requirements
无 None
13.
后续课程、其它学习规划
Courses for which this course
is a pre-requisite
许多光电器件基于半导体的光学性质，学习本课程有利于透彻理解这些光电器件的工作原
理。本课程为光电信息科学与工程专业核心课，是光电子技术基础、显示与照明技术课程
先修课程；本课程不仅适用于光电专业的学生，也适用于学习物理、材料科学与工程的学
生。
Many optoelectronic devices such as light emitting diodes, laser diodes, and solar cells
are based on optical properties of semiconductors. Learning this course helps to
improve the understanding of the operation mechanism of these devices. This course is
one of the core courses for students with a major in Optoelectronic Information Science
and Technology. it is a prerequisite for Optoelectronic Technology, Display and Lighting
Technology. This course is also suitable for students of physics and material science.
14.
其它要求修读本课程的学系
Cross-listing Dept.
无 None
教学大纲及教学日历 SYLLABUS
15.
教学目标 Course Objectives
本课程介绍半导体的光学性质，比如：透射光谱、反射光谱、荧光光谱以及在红外、可见、近紫外波段的复介电函数等，
使学生对半导体光学的基本概念和基本物理基础有一个清晰透彻的理解。
The aim of this course is to introduce the optical properties of semiconductors, e.g., the spectra of transmission, reflection
and luminescence, or of the complex dielectric function in the infrared, visible and near-ultraviolet part of the
electromagnetic spectrum. We want to evoke in the reader a clear and intuitive understanding of the physical concepts
and foundations of semiconductor optics and of some of their numerous applications. To this end, we try to keep the
mathematical apparatus as simple and as limited as possible in order not to conceal the physics behind mathematics.
16.
预达学习成果 Learning Outcomes
通过本课程的学习，预期达到如下的学习效果:
学生将对半导体光学的基本概念和基本物理过程有一个清晰透彻的理解；
透彻了解各种光电器件的基本工作原理及物理过程；
掌握一些研究测量半导体光学性质的基本方法和技术，比如透射光谱、反射光谱、荧光光谱等。
After completing this course, students should have
a clear and intuitive understanding of the physical concepts and foundations of semiconductor optics
mechanism of some optoelectronic devices such as LEDs, LDs, and Photodiodes
a thorough understanding of a variety of methods and techniques of studying optical properties of
semiconductors, such as Transmission spectroscopy, Reflection Spectroscopy, Photoluminescence
spectroscopy
17.
课程内容及教学日历 （如授课语言以英文为主，则课程内容介绍可以用英文；如团队教学或模块教学，教学日历须注明
主讲人）
Course Contents (in Parts/Chapters/Sections/Weeks. Please notify name of instructor for course section(s), if
this is a team teaching or module course.)
3
Chapter 1. Introduction: This introductory chapter consists of an outline of the fundamental concepts and ideas on
which the text is based, including the rather limited prerequisites so that the reader can follow it and, finally, some hints
about its contents.
Chapter 2. Maxwell’s Equations, Photons and the Density of States: In this chapter we consider Maxwell’s equations
and what they reveal about the propagation of light in vacuum and in matter. We introduce the concept of photons and
present their density of states. Since the density of states is
a rather important property in general and not only for photons, we approach this quantity in a rather general way. We
will use the density of states later also for other (quasi-) particles including systems of reduced dimensionality. In
addition, we introduce the occupation probability of these states for various groups of particles.
Chapter 3: Interaction of Light with Matter: In this chapter we present some basic interaction processes of light with
matter from two different points of view. First we consider matter as a homogeneous medium described by the complex
dielectric function ε(ω) or by the complex index of refraction ˜n(ω) (Sect. 3.1). We concentrate especially on the reflection
and transmission of light at the plane interface between two media. As an especially simple case we investigate the
boundary of matter and vacuum. In the later Sect. 3.2 we will discuss the interaction of the radiation field with individual
atoms. In this case quantum mechanics must be used.
Chapter 4: Ensemble of Uncoupled Oscillators: The optical properties of matter are determined by the coupling of
various types of oscillators in matter to the electromagnetic radiation field. In other words, an incident electromagnetic
field will cause these oscillators to perform driven or forced oscillations. In this chapter, we will consider the optical
properties of an ensemble of oscillators. We begin with the simplest case of uncoupled oscillators and refine the concept
in various steps in next chapters.
Chapter 5: The Concept of Polaritons: In this chapter we want to discuss in more detail what is actually propagating
when“light” travels through matter. In vacuum the situation was quite clear. Light in vacuum is a transverse
electromagnetic wave, the quanta of which are known as photons. The concept of polariton is introduced when “light”
travels through matter.
Chapter 6: Kramers–Kronig Relations: In this chapter we want to investigate some general relations between the real
and imaginary parts of ˜n or ε.
Chapter 7: Crystals, Lattices, Lattice Vibrations and Phonons: In this chapter we start to discuss topics that are
specific to crystalline solids. We discuss the lattice vibrations of crystal solids and introduce the concept of phonons.
Chapter 8: Electrons in a Periodic Crystal: In this chapter we want to discuss the behaviors of electrons in topics that
are specific to crystalline solids. We introduce the concepts of polaron, effective mass, electronic band structure, etc. We
discuss the electronic state of semiconductor quantum structures as quantum wells and quantum dots. We also discuss
the carrier localization due to disorder.
Chapter 9: Excitons, Biexcitons and Trions: In this chapter we introduce the concepts of Exciton, Biexciton and Trion.
We discuss their behaviors in bulk semiconductors and solids with reduced dimensionality.
Chapter 10: Plasmons, Magnons and some Further Elementary Excitations: In this chapter we will briefly address
some other collective excitations in semiconductors and the quasi-particles which result from the quantization of these
excitations like plasmons or magnons.
Chapter 11: Optical Properties of Phonons: In this chapter we will discuss the optical properties of
phonons. We start with the properties of bulk materials, then the properties of materials with reduced dimensionality.
Chapter 12: Optical Properties of Plasmons, Plasmon-Phonon Mixed States and of Magnons: In this chapter we
discuss the optical properties of Plasmons, Plasmon-Phonon Mixed States and of Magnons.
Chapter 13: Optical Properties of Intrinsic Excitons in Bulk Semiconductors: In this chapter we discuss the
essence of semiconductor optics, namely the optical properties of excitons.
Chapter 14: Optical Properties of Bound and Localized Excitons and of Defect States: In this chapter we discuss
the optical properties of defect and localized states in bulk materials, but mention that many of these aspects are also
relevant for the structures of reduced dimensionality presented in the next chapter.
Chapter 15: Optical Properties of Excitons in Structures of Reduced Dimensionality: In this chapter we discuss the
optical properties of excitons in systems of reduced dimensionality such as quantum wells and quantum dots.
Chapter 16: Excitons Under the Influence of External Fields: In this chapter we discuss the behaviors of excitons
under the influence of external fields such as magnetic field and electric field.
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Chapter 17: From Cavity Polaritons to Photonic Crystals: In this chapter we discuss briefly the concept of a Fabry–
Perot resonator in the form of a (micro) cavity and then proceed to the cavity polaritons as a mixed state between a
resonance in a solid (these are generally exciton resonances in quantum wells, wires or dots) and a cavity resonance.
From there we reach, via different paths, the presently very active and potentially application-relevant field of photonic
crystals with a subspecies known as photonic band gap materials.
Chapter 18: Review of the Linear Optical Properties: In this chapter, we shall review and summarize some of the
aspects of the linear optical properties of semiconductors that were presented in the preceding chapters in some detail.
Chapter 19: High Excitation Effects and Nonlinear Optics: In this and in some of the following chapters we shall
leave the regime of linear optics and proceed to the field of nonlinear optics. Nonlinear optics including high excitation
phenomena, laser emission and electro-optics, forms together with the investigation of semiconductors of reduced
dimensionality, presently the most active fields in semiconductor science.
Chapter 20: The Intermediate Density Regime: In this chapter we present selected examples from the intermediate
density regime where excitons, biexcitons and trions are still good quasiparticles.
Chapter 21: The Electron–Hole Plasma: In this chapter, we will discuss details of some of the properties of electron-
hole plasma.
Chapter 22: Stimulated Emission and Laser Processes: In this chapter, we will discuss stimulated emission and laser
processes in semiconductors.
Chapter 23: Optical Bistability, Optical Computing, Spintronics and Quantum Computing: In this chapter, we
present some of the properties of optical bistability, an effect that is not limited to semiconductors, and some of the
concepts of digital optical computing.
Chapter 24: Experimental Methods: In this chapter, we will introduce experimental techniques, which have been or
can be used for the optical spectroscopy of semiconductors.
18.
教材及其它参考资料 Textbook and Supplementary Readings
指定教材: Claus Klingshirn, Semiconductor Optics, 半导体光学（第三版）（影印版）科学出版社 2007.
推荐参考资料: Nasser Peyghambarian, Stephan W. Koch, Andre Mysyrowicz, Introduction to Semiconductor Optics,
Prentice Hall, 1993
Required: Claus Klingshirn, Semiconductor Optics, 半导体光学（第三版）（影印版）科学出版社 2007.
Recommended: Nasser Peyghambarian, Stephan W. Koch, Andre Mysyrowicz, Introduction to Semiconductor Optics,
Prentice Hall, 1993
课程评估 ASSESSMENT
19.
评估形式
Type of
Assessment
评估时间
Time
占考试总成绩百分比
% of final
score
违纪处罚
Penalty
备注
Notes
出勤 Attendance
每次课
Every class
10%
缺课一次扣一分
Each absence
will be penalized
1 score
课堂表现
Class
Performance
每次课
Every class
10%
小测验
Quiz
课程项目 Projects
平时作业
Assignments
Every week
20%
期中考试
5
Mid-Term Test
期末考试
Final Exam
At the end of the
semester
60%
迟到超过 30 分
钟不允许参加考
试
Late more than
30 Mins will not
be allowed to sit
for the exam
期末报告
Final
Presentation
其它（可根据需要
改写以上评估方
式）
Others (The
above may be
modified as
necessary)
20.
记分方式 GRADING SYSTEM
A. 十三级等级制 Letter Grading
B. 二级记分制（通过/不通过） Pass/Fail Grading
课程审批 REVIEW AND APPROVAL
21.
本课程设置已经过以下责任人/委员会审议通过
This Course has been approved by the following person or committee of authority